{"title":"Power","description":"\u003cp\u003eBrowse our Power collection. Hot Sale.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"8-slot-storage-box-for-aaaaa-batteries","title":"8-Slot Storage Box for AA\/AAA Batteries","description":"\u003cp\u003eStore your AA or AAA batteries safely with this \u003cstrong\u003e8 slot\u003c\/strong\u003e battery storage box from Ansmann. Great for keeping charged spares ready for your project, in your bag, pocket or toolbox, without the fear of short-circuit or damage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIdeal for our range of Ansmann standard or rechargeable AA and AAA batteries. \u003cstrong\u003eBatteries not included.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also stock a smaller 4-battery storage box.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePuts an end to the accidental short-circuiting of rechargeable batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOptimum storage of up to 8 AAA or AA rechargeable batteries\/batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFits in your bag or toolbox\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuarantees \"always ready to use\" rechargeable batteries, at home or out and about\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMPN: 4000033\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEAN: 4013674000036\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"ANSMANN","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643608498237,"sku":"lgs1789691147860","price":3.84,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/8-slot-storage-box-for-aaaaa-batteries_1.jpg?v=1789691152"},{"product_id":"75v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v40f7","title":"7.5V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V40F7","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis compact (0.6″×0.6″) switching step-up (or boost) voltage regulator from Pololu efficiently generates \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e7.5V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e from input voltages as low as \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e and handles continuous input currents up to \u003cstrong\u003e4A\u003c\/strong\u003e. (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V, but it operates down to 1.3 V after that.) The pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe U3V40Fx family of boost (step-up) voltage regulators are high-efficiency synchronous switching regulators that generate higher output voltages from input voltages as low as 1.3 V. (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V; see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnections section\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor details.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulators actively limit the instantaneous input currents to 9.5 A, and the input current can typically be as high as 4.5 A for several seconds before the thermal protection activates. Input currents of around 3.5 A can typically be maintained for many minutes without triggering thermal shutdown, though the actual performance depends on the input and output voltages as well as external factors such as ambient temperature and airflow.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor boost regulators, the output current equals the input current times the efficiency divided by the boost ratio of VOUT to VIN, so the more you are boosting, the lower the maximum output current will be (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003emaximum continuous output current section\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow for performance graphs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese regulators feature a variety of built-in protections, including cycle-by-cycle input current limiting, soft-start, programmable under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection, and over-temperature shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThis boost regulator uses the typical topology that connects the input to the output through an inductor and diode, with nothing to completely break that current path. Therefore, the input voltage will go through to the output even when the regulator is disabled, and exposure to short circuits or other excessive loads will damage the regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003eVersions Available\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe U3V40x family includes five versions with fixed output voltages ranging from 5V to 12V. The different versions of the board all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F5 - Fixed 5V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F6 - Fixed 6V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F7 - Fixed 7.5V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F9 - Fixed 9V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F12 - Fixed 12V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures (U3V40F7)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 1.3 V to 7.5 V (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: 7.5 V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 90% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~600 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-save mode with ultrasonic operation that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency, but keeps it above the audible range (20 kHz)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical no-load quiescent currents under 2 mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9.5 A switch allows for:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstantaneous input currents up to 9.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput currents up to 4.5 A for several seconds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput currents up to 4 A for prolonged durations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated protections:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-temperature shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput over-voltage protection (typically at 16.5V)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCycle-by-cycle input current limiting to 9.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.6″ × 0.6″ × 0.22″ (15.2 × 15.2 × 5.6 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight: 1.5 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"connections\"\u003eConnections (See image)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, must initially be at least \u003cstrong\u003e2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e and should not exceed the output voltage, VOUT. (If VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which is potentially dangerous for your connected load and could also damage the regulator.).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce the regulator is on, VIN can fall as low as \u003cstrong\u003e0.8V\u003c\/strong\u003e and the regulator will continue to operate. However, for VIN voltages below \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e, an external source must be used to supply the EN pin (with \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e or more) to keep the regulator enabled.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw. In our testing that allowed it to start into moderately sized capacitive loads (a few hundred µF) without issue. However, the U3V40Fx regulators do not have short-circuit protection so they could be damaged if exposed to output shorts or loads that draw excessive in-rush currents. We do not recommend using them with supercapacitors or constant current loads beyond their maximum continuous ratings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator is enabled by default: a 30 kΩ pull-up resistor on the board connects the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin to VIN. The enable pin can be driven low (under \u003cstrong\u003e0.4V\u003c\/strong\u003e) to disable the regulator and put the board into a low-power state. However, please note that due to their standard boost regulator topology, the U3V40Fx family of regulators has\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cins\u003eno way of disconnecting power from the load\u003c\/ins\u003e, so the input voltage will pass directly through to VOUT when the regulator is disabled. The quiescent current draw is typically under \u003cstrong\u003e2mA\u003c\/strong\u003e with no load (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003equiescent current graph\u003cspan\u003e image\u003c\/span\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy adding a resistor R between EN and GND, it is possible to set a precise low-VIN cutoff threshold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections are labelled on the backside of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebreadboards,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 6×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eor the 6×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat is included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections for VIN and GND are duplicated allowing two header pins to be used for each connection. Note that each header pin is only rated for \u003cstrong\u003e3A (6A combined per pair)\u003c\/strong\u003e, and solderless breadboards are usually not intended to handle more than a few amps.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"efficiency\"\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs in the product images, the \u003cstrong\u003eU3V40F5\u003c\/strong\u003e regulator has an efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e90% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e for most combinations of input voltage, output voltage, and load.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"maxcurrent\"\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph in the product images shows the typical maximum continuous output currents these regulators can deliver at room temperature with no forced airflow or heat sinking.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"quiescent\"\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph in the product images shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws about 35 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn our tests with this family of regulator connected with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), we found that input voltages up to 11 V did not generally cause spikes high enough to damage the regulator itself, but even lower input voltages did cause spikes that could still be problematic for boost regulators operating with the input voltage close to the set output voltage, since input voltages above the set output voltage will propagate to the output and could damage circuits being powered by the regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn electrolytic capacitor (33μF is a good starting point) can be added close to the regulator between VIN and GND to help suppress these spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eUnderstanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill Guide DXF\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643615543357,"sku":"fcy1789691232912","price":10.22,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/75v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v40f7_1.jpg?v=1789691238"},{"product_id":"5v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v40f5","title":"5V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V40F5","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis compact (0.6″×0.6″) switching step-up (or boost) voltage regulator from Pololu efficiently generates \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e from input voltages as low as \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e and handles continuous input currents up to \u003cstrong\u003e4A\u003c\/strong\u003e. (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V, but it operates down to 1.3 V after that.) The pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe U3V40Fx family of boost (step-up) voltage regulators are high-efficiency synchronous switching regulators that generate higher output voltages from input voltages as low as 1.3 V. (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V; see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnections section\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor details.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulators actively limit the instantaneous input currents to 9.5 A, and the input current can typically be as high as 4.5 A for several seconds before the thermal protection activates. Input currents of around 3.5 A can typically be maintained for many minutes without triggering thermal shutdown, though the actual performance depends on the input and output voltages as well as external factors such as ambient temperature and airflow.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor boost regulators, the output current equals the input current times the efficiency divided by the boost ratio of VOUT to VIN, so the more you are boosting, the lower the maximum output current will be (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003emaximum continuous output current section\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow for performance graphs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese regulators feature a variety of built-in protections, including cycle-by-cycle input current limiting, soft-start, programmable under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection, and over-temperature shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThis boost regulator uses the typical topology that connects the input to the output through an inductor and diode, with nothing to completely break that current path. Therefore, the input voltage will go through to the output even when the regulator is disabled, and exposure to short circuits or other excessive loads will damage the regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003eVersions Available\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe U3V40x family includes five versions with fixed output voltages ranging from 5V to 12V. The different versions of the board all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F5 - Fixed 5V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F6 - Fixed 6V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F7 - Fixed 7.5V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F9 - Fixed 9V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F12 - Fixed 12V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures (U3V40F5)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 1.3 V to 5 V (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: 5 V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 90% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~600 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-save mode with ultrasonic operation that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency, but keeps it above the audible range (20 kHz)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical no-load quiescent currents under 2 mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9.5 A switch allows for:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstantaneous input currents up to 9.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput currents up to 4.5 A for several seconds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput currents up to 4 A for prolonged durations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated protections:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-temperature shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput over-voltage protection (typically at 16.5V)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCycle-by-cycle input current limiting to 9.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.6″ × 0.6″ × 0.22″ (15.2 × 15.2 × 5.6 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight: 1.5 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"connections\"\u003eConnections (See image)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, must initially be at least \u003cstrong\u003e2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e and should not exceed the output voltage, VOUT. (If VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which is potentially dangerous for your connected load and could also damage the regulator.).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce the regulator is on, VIN can fall as low as \u003cstrong\u003e0.8V\u003c\/strong\u003e and the regulator will continue to operate. However, for VIN voltages below \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e, an external source must be used to supply the EN pin (with \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e or more) to keep the regulator enabled.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw. In our testing that allowed it to start into moderately sized capacitive loads (a few hundred µF) without issue. However, the U3V40Fx regulators do not have short-circuit protection so they could be damaged if exposed to output shorts or loads that draw excessive in-rush currents. We do not recommend using them with supercapacitors or constant current loads beyond their maximum continuous ratings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator is enabled by default: a 30 kΩ pull-up resistor on the board connects the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin to VIN. The enable pin can be driven low (under \u003cstrong\u003e0.4V\u003c\/strong\u003e) to disable the regulator and put the board into a low-power state. However, please note that due to their standard boost regulator topology, the U3V40Fx family of regulators has\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cins\u003eno way of disconnecting power from the load\u003c\/ins\u003e, so the input voltage will pass directly through to VOUT when the regulator is disabled. The quiescent current draw is typically under \u003cstrong\u003e2mA\u003c\/strong\u003e with no load (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003equiescent current graph\u003cspan\u003e image\u003c\/span\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy adding a resistor R between EN and GND, it is possible to set a precise low-VIN cutoff threshold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections are labelled on the backside of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebreadboards,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 6×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eor the 6×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat is included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections for VIN and GND are duplicated allowing two header pins to be used for each connection. Note that each header pin is only rated for \u003cstrong\u003e3A (6A combined per pair)\u003c\/strong\u003e, and solderless breadboards are usually not intended to handle more than a few amps.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"efficiency\"\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs in the product images, the \u003cstrong\u003eU3V40F5\u003c\/strong\u003e regulator has an efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e90% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e for most combinations of input voltage, output voltage, and load.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"maxcurrent\"\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph in the product images shows the typical maximum continuous output currents these regulators can deliver at room temperature with no forced airflow or heat sinking.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"quiescent\"\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph in the product images shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws about 35 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn our tests with this family of regulator connected with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), we found that input voltages up to 11 V did not generally cause spikes high enough to damage the regulator itself, but even lower input voltages did cause spikes that could still be problematic for boost regulators operating with the input voltage close to the set output voltage, since input voltages above the set output voltage will propagate to the output and could damage circuits being powered by the regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn electrolytic capacitor (33μF is a good starting point) can be added close to the regulator between VIN and GND to help suppress these spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eUnderstanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill Guide DXF\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643617116221,"sku":"mql1789691249719","price":8.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/5v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v40f5_1.jpg?v=1789691254"},{"product_id":"voltaic-p126-6v-2w-small-solar-panel-etfe","title":"Voltaic P126 - 6V 2W Small Solar Panel (ETFE)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Voltaic P126 6V Solar Panel provides compact, high-efficiency solar power with a durable ETFE construction, ideal for IoT devices, sensors, and long-term outdoor projects.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003eThe Voltaic \u003cstrong\u003eP126\u003c\/strong\u003e is a \u003cstrong\u003e136x112mm\u003c\/strong\u003e high-performance \u003cstrong\u003e6V 2W\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eETFE solar panel\u003c\/strong\u003e designed for industrial IoT applications, offering a lightweight, efficient, and cost-effective solution for reliable outdoor power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSMT ETFE panels are particularly well suited to applications where space or weight is limited, long operational lifetimes are required, and strict quality and dimensional tolerances must be maintained.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVoltaic ETFE panels are manufactured using a carefully sourced and qualified material stack, ensuring consistent performance and reliability. They are third-party tested for the equivalent of over 10 years of UV exposure, as well as for thermal cycling, vibration stress, and resistance to chemicals and oils.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese panels are also used in a range of ATEX-rated applications, demonstrating their suitability for demanding and hazardous environments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePanel Accessories\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nVHB Gasket - creates a waterproof, secure seal when mounting P126 solar panels to enclosures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nSmall Panel Bracket - provides a lightweight, durable way to mount small solar panels to poles or pipes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nETFE Panel Screw \u0026amp; Washer Set - provides a complete screw, washer, and post nut kit for securely attaching ETFE solar panels to compatible mounting brackets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nCorner Mounts - make it easy to securely attach solar panels to straps or surfaces\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nMagnet Mounts - provides a simple, drill-free way to attach solar panels to metal surfaces\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nABS Plastic Post Nuts - lightweight mounting nuts designed to securely attach Voltaic solar panels to brackets, corner mounts, and other hardware\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nStainless Steel Post Nuts - provides a stronger, more secure mounting solution for Voltaic solar panels\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nCable Glands - creates a waterproof seal between your solar panel and enclosure, protecting internal electronics while allowing secure cable routing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nExtension and Splitter cables - visit our Voltaic section for a range of cable accessories\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIPX7 waterproof rated\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10+ years UV exposure testing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThird-party agency qualification\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e21.5% high-efficiency Sun power solar cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack matte appearance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLow friction, anti-dust surface\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eOutput\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen Circuit Voltage: 8.51V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Voltage: 7.28V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Current: 330mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Power: 2.37W\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower Tolerance: +\/-10%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor maximum power output, orient the panel towards the sun\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExtend the cable length using 1 foot, 4 foot, and 10 foot extension cables\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMechanical characteristics\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: 136 x 112 x 3.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight: 79 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard Tolerance: ± 0.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompliance: RoHS and REACH\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTesting: relevant sections of IEC 61215, SAEJ1455, and IEC 60529\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMounting: G110 VHB gasket (not included)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating Temperature: −40°C to 85°C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCable: 3.5x1.1mm jack\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConstruction\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMatte ETFE coating\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5mm double sided PCB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eElectrical characteristics\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSymbol\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParameter\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNominal\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpected*\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMax power (mpp)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2.38\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2.31\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eW\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVoltage @ mpp\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e7.09\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e6.84\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eV\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCurrent @ mpp\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.34\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.29\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOC\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOpen-circuit voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e8.59\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e8.34\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eV\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eISC\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eShort-circuit current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.37\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.33\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eη\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCell efficiency\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e21.5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e*Expected values are adjusted for real-world losses that include cutting of cells, imperfect transmissivity of the EVA and ETFE encapsulation layers, and the tolerance of the lowest performing cell piece in the series\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDatasheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical drawing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSTEP Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Voltaic P126 6V 2W Small Solar Panel - ETFE\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Voltaic Systems","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643618558013,"sku":"uxz1789691272157","price":20.14,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/voltaic-p126---6v-2w-small-solar-panel-etfe_1.jpg?v=1789691278"},{"product_id":"6v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v40f6","title":"6V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V40F6","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis compact (0.6″×0.6″) switching step-up (or boost) voltage regulator from Pololu efficiently generates \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e6V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e from input voltages as low as \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e and handles continuous input currents up to \u003cstrong\u003e4A\u003c\/strong\u003e. (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V, but it operates down to 1.3 V after that.) The pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe U3V40Fx family of boost (step-up) voltage regulators are high-efficiency synchronous switching regulators that generate higher output voltages from input voltages as low as 1.3 V. (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V; see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnections section\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor details.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulators actively limit the instantaneous input currents to 9.5 A, and the input current can typically be as high as 4.5 A for several seconds before the thermal protection activates. Input currents of around 3.5 A can typically be maintained for many minutes without triggering thermal shutdown, though the actual performance depends on the input and output voltages as well as external factors such as ambient temperature and airflow.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor boost regulators, the output current equals the input current times the efficiency divided by the boost ratio of VOUT to VIN, so the more you are boosting, the lower the maximum output current will be (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003emaximum continuous output current section\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow for performance graphs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese regulators feature a variety of built-in protections, including cycle-by-cycle input current limiting, soft-start, programmable under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection, and over-temperature shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThis boost regulator uses the typical topology that connects the input to the output through an inductor and diode, with nothing to completely break that current path. Therefore, the input voltage will go through to the output even when the regulator is disabled, and exposure to short circuits or other excessive loads will damage the regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003eVersions Available\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe U3V40x family includes five versions with fixed output voltages ranging from 5V to 12V. The different versions of the board all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F5 - Fixed 5V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F6\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e- Fixed 6V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F7\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e-\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eFixed 7.5V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F9 -\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eFixed 9V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nU3V40F12 -\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eFixed 12V output\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures (U3V40F6)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 1.3 V to 6 V (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7 V)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: 6 V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 90% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~600 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-save mode with ultrasonic operation that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency, but keeps it above the audible range (20 kHz)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical no-load quiescent currents under 2 mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9.5 A switch allows for:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInstantaneous input currents up to 9.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput currents up to 4.5 A for several seconds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput currents up to 4 A for prolonged durations\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated protections:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-temperature shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput over-voltage protection (typically at 16.5V)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCycle-by-cycle input current limiting to 9.5 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.6″ × 0.6″ × 0.22″ (15.2 × 15.2 × 5.6 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight: 1.5 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"connections\"\u003eConnections (See image)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, must initially be at least \u003cstrong\u003e2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e and should not exceed the output voltage, VOUT. (If VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which is potentially dangerous for your connected load and could also damage the regulator.).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOnce the regulator is on, VIN can fall as low as \u003cstrong\u003e0.8V\u003c\/strong\u003e and the regulator will continue to operate. However, for VIN voltages below \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e, an external source must be used to supply the EN pin (with \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e or more) to keep the regulator enabled.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eis the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw. In our testing that allowed it to start into moderately sized capacitive loads (a few hundred µF) without issue. However, the U3V40Fx regulators do not have short-circuit protection so they could be damaged if exposed to output shorts or loads that draw excessive in-rush currents. We do not recommend using them with supercapacitors or constant current loads beyond their maximum continuous ratings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator is enabled by default: a 30 kΩ pull-up resistor on the board connects the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin to VIN. The enable pin can be driven low (under \u003cstrong\u003e0.4V\u003c\/strong\u003e) to disable the regulator and put the board into a low-power state. However, please note that due to their standard boost regulator topology, the U3V40Fx family of regulators has\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cins\u003eno way of disconnecting power from the load\u003c\/ins\u003e, so the input voltage will pass directly through to VOUT when the regulator is disabled. The quiescent current draw is typically under \u003cstrong\u003e2mA\u003c\/strong\u003e with no load (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003equiescent current graph\u003cspan\u003e image\u003c\/span\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy adding a resistor R between EN and GND, it is possible to set a precise low-VIN cutoff threshold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections are labelled on the backside of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebreadboards,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 6×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eor the 6×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat is included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections for VIN and GND are duplicated allowing two header pins to be used for each connection. Note that each header pin is only rated for \u003cstrong\u003e3A (6A combined per pair)\u003c\/strong\u003e, and solderless breadboards are usually not intended to handle more than a few amps.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"efficiency\"\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs in the product images, the \u003cstrong\u003eU3V40F5\u003c\/strong\u003e regulator has an efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e90% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e for most combinations of input voltage, output voltage, and load.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"maxcurrent\"\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph in the product images shows the typical maximum continuous output currents these regulators can deliver at room temperature with no forced airflow or heat sinking.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"note_warning clear\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"quiescent\"\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph in the product images shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws about 35 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn our tests with this family of regulator connected with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), we found that input voltages up to 11 V did not generally cause spikes high enough to damage the regulator itself, but even lower input voltages did cause spikes that could still be problematic for boost regulators operating with the input voltage close to the set output voltage, since input voltages above the set output voltage will propagate to the output and could damage circuits being powered by the regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn electrolytic capacitor (33μF is a good starting point) can be added close to the regulator between VIN and GND to help suppress these spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eUnderstanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill Guide DXF\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643618689085,"sku":"tsy1789691275097","price":9.19,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/6v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v40f6_1.jpg?v=1789691280"},{"product_id":"pololu-33v-step-updown-voltage-regulator-with-adjustable-low-voltage-cut-off","title":"Pololu 3.3V Step-Up\/Down Voltage Regulator with Adjustable Low-Voltage Cut-off","description":"\u003cdiv id=\"short_description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu \u003cspan\u003eS9V11F3S5CMA \u003c\/span\u003eswitching step-up\/step-down regulator efficiently produces a fixed \u003cstrong\u003e3.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e (default) \u003cstrong\u003eor 5V\u003c\/strong\u003e (selectable) output whether it is higher or lower than the \u003cstrong\u003einput voltage which can range from 2V to 16V \u003c\/strong\u003e(\u003cem\u003eminimum start-up voltage is 3V, but it operates to 2V after that\u003c\/em\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator also has a precision-adjustable low-voltage cutoff with hysteresis that can be used to prevent battery over-discharge. The compact (12.7 × 15.3 × 6.4 mm) module can supply a typical output current of up to 1.5A when the input voltage is close to the output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eThe S9V11x Family\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S9V11x family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey take input voltages from 2 V to 16 V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and a typical output current of up to 1.5 A. The flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe different members of this family offer different output voltage options, from fixed voltages with selectable alternatives to adjustable voltages that can be set anywhere between 2.5 V and 9 V using a precision 12-turn potentiometer. Some versions also have an adjustable low-voltage cutoff that can be set anywhere in the 2 V to 16 V output voltage range and used to prevent your battery from over-discharging. This is particularly useful for battery chemistries that can be damaged when over-discharged, including Li-ion and LiPo.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese regulators have short-circuit protection, and thermal shutdown prevents damage from overheating; they \u003cstrong\u003edo not have reverse-voltage protection\u003c\/strong\u003e. Note that the startup current is limited to approximately 700 mA until the output voltage reaches the nominal voltage; after startup, the available current is a function of the input voltage (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection below).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 2 V to 16 V (note: this regulator requires 3 V to start, but it can operate down to 2 V after startup)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed \u003cstrong\u003e3.3V output\u003c\/strong\u003e with +5\/-3% accuracy (can be changed to 5 V using the SEL pin)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 1.5 A (when input voltage is close to the output; the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection below shows how the achievable continuous output current depends on the input and output voltages)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrecision-adjustable low-voltage cutoff with hysteresis can be used to protect batteries from over-discharging (quiescent current is approximately 10 µA per volt on VIN when the regulator is disabled)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-good indicator can be used to tell when the regulator has reached and is maintaining its target output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-saving feature maintains high efficiency at low currents (quiescent current is less than 1 mA while enabled)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated over-temperature and short-circuit protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall size: 12.7 × 15.3 × 6.4 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"361\" style=\"height: 162px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e2 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e16 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e1.5 A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e3.3 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e1 mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLow-voltage cutoff\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003eAdjustable\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e12.7×15.3×6.4mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e0.8g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe five main through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esolderless breadboards,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eperfboards and\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat use a 0.1″ grid.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can solder wires directly to the board or solder in pieces of the included breakaway 6×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eor the 5×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eas desired. The additional straight male header pin can be soldered into the SEL input, though this could prevent the regulator from being used in a breadboard.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model (STEP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDXF Drill Guild\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has five main connections all located along the same edge of the board: the output voltage (OUT), ground (GND), the input voltage (IN), an enable input (EN), and a power good indicator (PG). A sixth pin, SEL, can optionally be used to change the output voltage from 3.3 V to 5 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe output voltage,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e, defaults to 3.3 V but can be changed to 5 V with output voltage selection pin whose operation is described below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, should be between 3 V and 16 V when the regulator is first powered. After it is running, it can continue operating down to 2 V. Lower inputs can shut down the voltage regulator;\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cins\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ehigher inputs can destroy the regulator\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/ins\u003e, so you should ensure that noise on your input is not excessive, and you should be wary of destructive LC spikes (see below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator features an enable pin,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e, that can be used as a precision low-voltage cutoff thanks to its tight activation and deactivation thresholds (voltages below 0.7 V trigger a low-power sleep state, and voltages above 0.8 V re-enable the regulator). On this regulator version, EN is connected to VIN through a 12-turn potentiometer to provide a user-adjustable cutoff threshold, which is useful for battery-powered applications where draining the battery below a particular voltage threshold could permanently damage it. The quiescent current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the resistor network from ENABLE to VIN, which is approximately 7 µA per volt on VIN (e.g. approximately 20 µA with 3 V in). See the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eSetting the cutoff voltage\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection below for details on how to use the built-in potentiometer to set the cutoff threshold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that goes low when the regulator’s output falls below around 90% of the nominal voltage, including when the enable pin is held low. The power good indicator is held low until the output reaches 95% of the nominal voltage when it is powering up or coming out of low-power mode. Otherwise, the PG pin is high-impedance, so an external pull-up resistor is required to use this pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe select input,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSEL\u003c\/strong\u003e, can be driven above 1.1 V (up to 16 V) to change the output voltage of the regulator to 5 V. Driving the pin low or leaving it disconnected sets the output to 3.3 V. To permanently set the output to 5 V, you can solder a piece of wire between SEL and the unpopulated pad next to it, which is pulled up to VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSetting the cutoff voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe low VIN cutoff voltage of the regulator is controlled by adjusting the voltage at the EN pin with a 12-turn precision potentiometer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the voltage on the EN pin falls below 0.7 V the regulator is put in a low-power sleep state and when the voltage on EN rises back above 0.8 V the regulator is turned back on. Turning the potentiometer clockwise increases the low-voltage cutoff. The cutoff voltage can be set by measuring the voltage on the VIN and EN pins and using the potentiometer to adjust the voltage on EN according to the following equation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/number1.jpg?v=1647279379\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor example, if you connect VIN to a battery that currently measures 3.7 V and you want to set the cutoff voltage to 3.0 V, the equation becomes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"math\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/number2.jpg?v=1647279379\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"math\"\u003eSolving for EN yields approximately 0.86 V, so you should turn the potentiometer until you measure that voltage on the EN pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that the regulator’s low VIN cutoff behaviour includes hysteresis: the regulator turns off when EN falls below 0.7 V, but it does not turn back on until EN rises above 0.8 V. Therefore, VIN must reach about 114% of the cutoff voltage before the regulator will re-enable its output (about 3.43 V in this example).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs within the product images, this family of switching regulators typically has an efficiency of 85% to 95%. A power-saving feature maintains these high efficiencies even when the regulator current is very low.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of these regulators varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, airflow, and heat sinking. The graph in the product images shows maximum output currents that these regulators can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking. Depending on the input and output voltage, these regulators can temporarily deliver over 2 A, though they will typically quickly overheat under such conditions and go into thermal shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003cins\u003eNote that the startup current for input voltages above the regulated output voltage is limited to approximately 700 mA\u003c\/ins\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, and currents in excess of this are only available after the output has finished stabilizing.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFor input voltages below the output voltage, the available start-up current decreases linearly with the input voltage to approximately 0.3 A with an input of 3 V. Large capacitive loads will generally not pose a problem because they will gradually charge up even with the current limit active, so while they may increase the time it takes an S9V11x family regulator to start up, the regulator should still eventually stabilize.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA purely resistive load, however, could prevent the regulator from ever reaching the desired output voltage. For example, if the output of the regulator is 5V and you put a 5 Ω resistor between VOUT and GND and then apply power to the regulator, the output voltage will never rise past 3.5 V, the voltage at which the current draw reaches the 700 mA limit. As such, this family of regulators is intended for applications like robotics, where any large loads are controllable and can be applied only after the regulator has finished starting up.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"clear\"\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed a regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are connecting more than about 9V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 20V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643638480957,"sku":"sad1789691581203","price":10.22,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-33v-step-updown-voltage-regulator-with-adjustable-low-voltage-cut-off_1.jpg?v=1789691586"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-step-updown-voltage-regulator-with-adjustable-low-voltage-cut-off","title":"Pololu 5V Step-Up\/Down Voltage Regulator with Adjustable Low-Voltage Cut-off","description":"\u003cdiv id=\"short_description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu S9V11F5S6CMA switching step-up\/step-down regulator efficiently produces a fixed \u003cstrong\u003e5V\u003c\/strong\u003e (default) \u003cstrong\u003eor 6V\u003c\/strong\u003e (selectable) output whether it is higher or lower than the \u003cstrong\u003einput voltage which can range from 2V to 16V \u003c\/strong\u003e(\u003cem\u003eminimum start-up voltage is 3V, but it operates to 2V after that\u003c\/em\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator also has a precision-adjustable low-voltage cutoff with hysteresis that can be used to prevent battery over-discharge. The compact (0.5″ × 0.6″) module can supply a typical output current of up to 1.5A when the input voltage is close to the output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eThe S9V11x Family\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S9V11x family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey take input voltages from 2 V to 16 V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and a typical output current of up to 1.5 A. The flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe different members of this family offer different output voltage options, from fixed voltages with selectable alternatives to adjustable voltages that can be set anywhere between 2.5 V and 9 V using a precision 12-turn potentiometer. Some versions also have an adjustable low-voltage cutoff that can be set anywhere in the 2 V to 16 V output voltage range and used to prevent your battery from over-discharging. This is particularly useful for battery chemistries that can be damaged when over-discharged, including Li-ion and LiPo.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese regulators have short-circuit protection, and thermal shutdown prevents damage from overheating; they \u003cstrong\u003edo not have reverse-voltage protection\u003c\/strong\u003e. Note that the startup current is limited to approximately 700 mA until the output voltage reaches the nominal voltage; after startup, the available current is a function of the input voltage (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection below).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 2 V to 16 V (note: this regulator requires 3 V to start, but it can operate down to 2 V after startup)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed \u003cstrong\u003e5V output\u003c\/strong\u003e with +5\/-3% accuracy (can be changed to 6 V using the SEL pin)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 1.5 A (when input voltage is close to the output; the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection below shows how the achievable continuous output current depends on the input and output voltages)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrecision-adjustable low-voltage cutoff with hysteresis can be used to protect batteries from over-discharging (quiescent current is approximately 10 µA per volt on VIN when the regulator is disabled)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-good indicator can be used to tell when the regulator has reached and is maintaining its target output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-saving feature maintains high efficiency at low currents (quiescent current is less than 1 mA while enabled)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated over-temperature and short-circuit protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall size: 12.7 × 15.3 × 6.4 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"361\" style=\"height: 162px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e2 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e16 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e1.5 A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e1 mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLow-voltage cutoff\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003eAdjustable\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e12.7×15.3×6.4mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 130px;\"\u003e0.8g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe five main through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esolderless breadboards,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eperfboards and\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat use a 0.1″ grid.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can solder wires directly to the board or solder in pieces of the included breakaway 6×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eor the 5×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eas desired. The additional straight male header pin can be soldered into the SEL input, though this could prevent the regulator from being used in a breadboard.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model (STEP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDXF Drill Guild\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has five main connections all located along the same edge of the board: the output voltage (OUT), ground (GND), the input voltage (IN), an enable input (EN), and a power good indicator (PG). A sixth pin, SEL, can optionally be used to change the output voltage from 5 V to 6 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe output voltage,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e, defaults to 5 V but can be changed to 6 V with output voltage selection pin whose operation is described below.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, should be between 3 V and 16 V when the regulator is first powered. After it is running, it can continue operating down to 2 V. Lower inputs can shut down the voltage regulator;\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cins\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ehigher inputs can destroy the regulator\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/ins\u003e, so you should ensure that noise on your input is not excessive, and you should be wary of destructive LC spikes (see below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator features an enable pin,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e, that can be used as a precision low-voltage cutoff thanks to its tight activation and deactivation thresholds (voltages below 0.7 V trigger a low-power sleep state, and voltages above 0.8 V re-enable the regulator). On this regulator version, EN is connected to VIN through a 12-turn potentiometer to provide a user-adjustable cutoff threshold, which is useful for battery-powered applications where draining the battery below a particular voltage threshold could permanently damage it. The quiescent current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the resistor network from ENABLE to VIN, which is approximately 7 µA per volt on VIN (e.g. approximately 20 µA with 3 V in). See the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eSetting the cutoff voltage\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection below for details on how to use the built-in potentiometer to set the cutoff threshold.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that goes low when the regulator’s output falls below around 90% of the nominal voltage, including when the enable pin is held low. The power good indicator is held low until the output reaches 95% of the nominal voltage when it is powering up or coming out of low-power mode. Otherwise, the PG pin is high-impedance, so an external pull-up resistor is required to use this pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe select input,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSEL\u003c\/strong\u003e, can be driven above 1.1 V (up to 16 V) to change the output voltage of the regulator to 6 V. Driving the pin low or leaving it disconnected sets the output to 5 V. To permanently set the output to 6 V, you can solder a piece of wire between SEL and the unpopulated pad next to it, which is pulled up to VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSetting the cutoff voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe low VIN cutoff voltage of the regulator is controlled by adjusting the voltage at the EN pin with a 12-turn precision potentiometer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the voltage on the EN pin falls below 0.7 V the regulator is put in a low-power sleep state and when the voltage on EN rises back above 0.8 V the regulator is turned back on. Turning the potentiometer clockwise increases the low-voltage cutoff. The cutoff voltage can be set by measuring the voltage on the VIN and EN pins and using the potentiometer to adjust the voltage on EN according to the following equation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/number1.jpg?v=1647279379\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor example, if you connect VIN to a battery that currently measures 3.7 V and you want to set the cutoff voltage to 3.0 V, the equation becomes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"math\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/number2.jpg?v=1647279379\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"math\"\u003eSolving for EN yields approximately 0.86 V, so you should turn the potentiometer until you measure that voltage on the EN pin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote that the regulator’s low VIN cutoff behaviour includes hysteresis: the regulator turns off when EN falls below 0.7 V, but it does not turn back on until EN rises above 0.8 V. Therefore, VIN must reach about 114% of the cutoff voltage before the regulator will re-enable its output (about 3.43 V in this example).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs within the product images, this family of switching regulators typically has an efficiency of 85% to 95%. A power-saving feature maintains these high efficiencies even when the regulator current is very low.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of these regulators varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, airflow, and heat sinking. The graph in the product images shows maximum output currents that these regulators can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking. Depending on the input and output voltage, these regulators can temporarily deliver over 2 A, though they will typically quickly overheat under such conditions and go into thermal shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003cins\u003eNote that the startup current for input voltages above the regulated output voltage is limited to approximately 700 mA\u003c\/ins\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, and currents in excess of this are only available after the output has finished stabilizing.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFor input voltages below the output voltage, the available start-up current decreases linearly with the input voltage to approximately 0.3 A with an input of 3 V. Large capacitive loads will generally not pose a problem because they will gradually charge up even with the current limit active, so while they may increase the time it takes an S9V11x family regulator to start up, the regulator should still eventually stabilize.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA purely resistive load, however, could prevent the regulator from ever reaching the desired output voltage. For example, if the output of the regulator is 5V and you put a 5 Ω resistor between VOUT and GND and then apply power to the regulator, the output voltage will never rise past 3.5 V, the voltage at which the current draw reaches the 700 mA limit. As such, this family of regulators is intended for applications like robotics, where any large loads are controllable and can be applied only after the regulator has finished starting up.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"clear\"\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed a regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are connecting more than about 9V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 20V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643639922749,"sku":"ypz1789691610276","price":8.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-step-updown-voltage-regulator-with-adjustable-low-voltage-cut-off_1.jpg?v=1789691616"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-step-updown-voltage-regulator-s9v11f5","title":"Pololu 5V Step-Up\/Down Voltage Regulator S9V11F5","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe Pololu S9V11F5 switching step-up\/step-down regulator efficiently produces\u003cstrong\u003e 5V from input voltages between 2V and 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cem\u003eNote: it requires an input voltage of at least 3V to start, but it can operate down to 2V after startup\u003c\/em\u003e).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIts ability to convert both higher and lower input voltages makes it useful for applications where the power supply voltage can vary greatly, as with batteries that start above but discharge below 5V. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe very compact (7.6 × 11.4 × 3.8 mm) module has a typical efficiency of over 90% and can supply a typical output current of up to 1.5A when the input voltage is around 5V.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe S9V11x Family\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S9V11x family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage. They take input voltages from 2 V to 16 V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and a typical output current of up to 1.5 A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe different members of this family offer different output voltage options, from fixed voltages with selectable alternatives to adjustable voltages that can be set anywhere between 2.5 V and 9 V using a precision 12-turn potentiometer. Some versions also have an adjustable low-voltage cutoff that can be set anywhere in the 2 V to 16 V output voltage range and used to prevent your battery from over-discharging. This is particularly useful for battery chemistries that can be damaged when over-discharged, including Li-ion and LiPo.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese regulators have short-circuit protection, and thermal shutdown prevents damage from overheating; they do\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003enot\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ehave reverse-voltage protection. Note that the startup current is limited to approximately 700 mA until the output voltage reaches the nominal voltage; after startup, the available current is a function of the input voltage (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection below).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 2 V to 16 V (note: this regulator requires 3 V to start, but it can operate down to 2 V after startup)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed 5 V output with +5\/-3% accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 1.5 A (when the input voltage is around 5 V; the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eTypical Efficiency and Output Current\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esection below shows how the achievable continuous output current depends on the input voltage)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-saving feature maintains high efficiency at low currents (quiescent current is less than 0.2 mA)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated over-temperature and short-circuit protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall size: 7.6 × 11.4 × 3.8 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"361\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"218\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"143\"\u003e2 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e16 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1.5 A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.2 mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e7.6 × 11.4 × 3.8 mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.5g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model (STEP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDXF Drill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has just three connections: the input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThese through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard \u003c\/span\u003esolderless breadboards\u003cspan\u003e and perfboards and \u003c\/span\u003econnectors\u003cspan\u003e that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 3×1 \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e or the 3×1 \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e that is included. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eVOUT is labelled on the silkscreen on one side of the board, and GND is in the middle and can be identified by its square pad.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, VIN, should be between 3 V and 16 V when the regulator is first powered. After it is running, it can continue operating down to 2 V. Lower inputs can shut down the voltage regulator;\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cins\u003ehigher inputs can destroy the regulator\u003c\/ins\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e, so you should ensure that noise on your input is not excessive, and you should be wary of destructive LC spikes (see below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe output voltage, VOUT, is regulated to a fixed 5 V, but it can be as high as 5.2 V when there is little or no load on the regulator.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical Efficiency and Output Current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graph in the product images, this switching regulator typically has an efficiency of 85% to 95%. A power-saving feature maintains these high efficiencies even when the regulator current is very low.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the board varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph in the product images shows maximum output currents that the regulator can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking. The regulator can temporarily deliver up to around 2 A, though it will typically quickly overheat under such conditions and go into thermal shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cins\u003eNote that the startup current is limited to approximately 700 mA\u003c\/ins\u003e\u003cspan\u003e, and currents in excess of this are only available after the output has finished rising to 5 V. Large capacitive loads will generally not pose a problem because they will gradually charge up even with the current limit active, so while they may increase the time it takes the regulator to start up, the regulator should still eventually get to 5 V.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA purely resistive load, however, could prevent the regulator from ever reaching 5 V. For example, if you put a 5 Ω resistor between VOUT and GND and then apply power to the regulator, the output voltage will never rise past 3.5 V, the voltage at which the current draw reaches the 700 mA limit. As such, this regulator is intended for applications like robotics, where any large loads are controllable and can be applied only after the regulator has finished starting up.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"clear\"\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed the regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed. If you are connecting more than about 12 V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 20 V.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643647557693,"sku":"mau1789691691182","price":5.96,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-step-updown-voltage-regulator-s9v11f5_1.jpg?v=1789691695"},{"product_id":"pololu-12v-500ma-step-down-voltage-regulator-d24v5f12","title":"Pololu 12V, 500mA Step-Down Voltage Regulator D24V5F12","description":"\u003cdiv id=\"short_description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe compact Pololu \u003cstrong\u003eD24V5F12\u003c\/strong\u003e synchronous buck voltage regulator takes an input voltage of up to 36V and efficiently reduces it to\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e12V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ewhile allowing for a maximum output current of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e500mA\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis regulator offers typical efficiencies between 80% and 90% and has a very low dropout, so it can be used with input voltages as low as a few hundred millivolts above \u003cstrong\u003e12V\u003c\/strong\u003e. The pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe D24V5Fx family of buck (step-down) voltage regulators generates lower output voltages from input voltages as high as 36V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) and have a typical efficiency between 80% to 93%, which is much more efficient than linear voltage regulators, especially when the difference between the input and output voltage is large. These regulators have a power-save mode that activates at light loads and a low quiescent (no load) current draw, which make them well suited for low-power applications that are run from a battery.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe regulators feature short-circuit\/over-current protection, and thermal shutdown helps prevent damage from overheating. The boards do \u003cstrong\u003enot\u003c\/strong\u003e have reverse-voltage protection. If you need more output current, consider the very similar D24V10Fx family of step-down voltage regulators, which can deliver up to 1 A in several different output voltages.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOptions Available\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWe have different versions of this regulator available in the store, listed below. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe different versions of this regulator all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e3.3V\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e9V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e12V \u003cem\u003e(this product)\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3 V to 36 V for output voltages of 1.8 V and 2.5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e[\u003ci\u003eoutput voltage + dropout voltage\u003c\/i\u003e] to 36 V for output voltages of 3.3 V and higher (see below for more information on dropout voltage)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFixed 12V output\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003ewith 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum output current: 500 mA\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 93%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e500 kHz switching frequency (when not in power-save mode)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e200 μA typical no-load quiescent current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall size: 13 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe buck regulator has four connections: shutdown (\u003cspan\u003eSHDN\u003c\/span\u003e), input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSHDN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin can be driven low (under 0.4 V) to turn off the output and put the board into a low-power state. There is a 100 kΩ pull-up resistor between the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSHDN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin and VIN, so if you want to leave the board permanently enabled, the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSHDN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin can be left disconnected. While the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSHDN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin is being driven low, the current draw of the regulator is dominated by the current through the pull-up resistor and will be proportional to the input voltage. (At 36 V it will draw about 360 μA.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, VIN, powers the regulator. Voltages between 3 V and 36 V can be applied to VIN. The effective lower limit of VIN is VOUT plus the regulator’s dropout voltage, which varies approximately linearly with the load (see below for graphs of dropout voltages as a function of the load). Additionally, please be wary of destructive LC spikes (see below for more information). \u003cstrong\u003eThe output voltage, VOUT, is fixed at 12V.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe four connections are labelled on the backside of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebreadboards,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 4×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eor the 4×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat is included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis family of switching regulators typically has an efficiency of 80% to 95%, though the actual efficiency in a given system depends on input voltage, output voltage, and output current. See the efficiency graph near the bottom of this page for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn order to achieve high efficiency at low loads, this regulator automatically goes into a power-save mode where the switching frequency is reduced. In power-save mode, the switching frequency of the regulator changes as necessary to minimize power loss. This could make it harder to filter out noise on the output caused by switching.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical dropout voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dropout voltage of a step-down regulator is the minimum amount by which the input voltage must exceed the regulator’s target output voltage in order to ensure the target output can be achieved.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor example, if a 5 V regulator has a 1 V dropout voltage, the input must be at least 6 V to ensure the output is the full 5 V. Generally speaking, the dropout voltage increases as the output current increases. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe graphs below show the typical efficiency and dropout voltage of the \u003cstrong\u003e12V D24V5F12\u003c\/strong\u003e regulator as a function of the output current:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/d24v5f12-graphs_1.jpg?v=1648743877\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eLC voltage spikes\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed the regulator’s maximum voltage (36 V), the regulator can be destroyed. In our tests with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), input voltages above 20 V caused spikes over 36 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"note_warning\"\u003eIf you are connecting more than 20 V or your power leads or supply has high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 50 V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"note_warning\"\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"height: 144px;\" width=\"396\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 236.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 149.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e12.1 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 236.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 149.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e36 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 236.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003eMaximum output current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 149.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e500 mA\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 236.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 149.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e12 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 236.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 149.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 236.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 149.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e0.2 mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 236.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 149.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e0.4″ × 0.5″ × 0.1″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 236.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 149.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e0.6 g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"note_warning\"\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"note_warning\"\u003eSchematic\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"note_warning\"\u003eIntersil ISL85415 regulator datasheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"note_warning\"\u003e3D Model (STEP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"note_warning\"\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"note_warning\"\u003eDXF Drill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643649491005,"sku":"oup1789691720198","price":7.53,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-12v-500ma-step-down-voltage-regulator-d24v5f12_1.jpg?v=1789691726"},{"product_id":"pololu-tps2113a-power-multiplexer-carrier-with-micro-usb-connector","title":"Pololu TPS2113A Power Multiplexer Carrier with Micro-USB Connector","description":"\u003cdiv id=\"short_description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis Pololu breakout board for Texas Instruments’s TPS2113A autoswitching power multiplexer allows you to select which of two power sources is connected to a load while blocking reverse current into either of the sources.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt has an adjustable current limit that can be set as high as 2A and an adjustable switching threshold. Each input power rail on the multiplexer can be supplied with 2.8V to 5.5V, and the board also breaks out a USB Micro-B connector that can be used to supply one of the rails.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003eThe Texas Instruments TPS2113A autoswitching power multiplexer allows you to switch seamlessly between two power sources of 2.8V to 5.5V while blocking reverse current into either source. The power multiplexer (or mux) has an adjustable current limit that can be set as high as 2 A and an adjustable switching threshold that helps reduce output voltage droop when switching. Each input channel is controlled by an internal MOSFET switch, so the mux avoids the voltage drop that occurs when diodes are used to OR multiple power supplies together.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe TPS2113A makes a great addition to any project that needs to be able to transition between two sources like USB and external power, but its small size makes it difficult for a student or hobbyist to use. This carrier breaks out all of the chip’s features to 0.1″-spaced pins, making it easy to use with standard\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esolderless breadboards. In addition, the board serves as a breakout for a USB Micro-B connector that can be used to supply one of the input power rails.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy default, the TPS2113A operates in autoswitching mode, which means that it will automatically select the source that has a higher voltage, but the VSNS pin can be used to maintain IN1 as the selected source until it falls below a configurable switching threshold, making IN1 the primary or preferred source. The board ships with USB power connected to IN1, which enables the common application of having a device that can be powered by USB or an external power supply, automatically choosing the appropriate source based on what is connected. USB power can be switched from IN1 to IN2 by cutting a trace and configuring a surface-mount jumper.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSince this board is a carrier for the TPS2113A, we recommend careful reading of the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eTPS2113A datasheet.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePinout\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/TPS2113A_pin_out_2_0127db23-b501-4c83-a72a-9321196f7f0f.jpg?v=1648833872\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"843\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"132\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePin\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"711\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eIN1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePrimary power switch input. Can be connected to a 2.8 V to 5.5 V power source. Connected to VBUS by default through surface-mount jumper. The multiplexer will function with IN1 as low as 1.5V as long as IN2 is above 2.8 V.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eIN2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSecondary power switch input. Can be connected to a 2.8 V to 5.5 V power source.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVBUS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eUSB 5 V supply. Connected to IN1 by default through surface-mount jumper.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOUT\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMultiplexed power output.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eGND\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCommon ground for power supplies, load, and USB. (All of the board’s GND pins are internally connected with each other and with GND from the USB connector.)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVSNS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSwitching control input. An internal power FET connects OUT to IN1 if the VSNS voltage is greater than 0.8 V. Otherwise, the FET connects OUT to the higher of IN1 and IN2. This pin is pulled low through an on-board 20 kΩ pull-down resistor, setting the board to autoswitching mode by default. See the Control inputs section below for more details on using this pin to set a switching threshold.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEnable input. When driven high, OUT is disconnected from both IN1 and IN2. This pin is pulled low through an on-board 100 kΩ pull-down resistor so the IC is enabled by default.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eILIM\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCurrent limit input. An on-board 1 kΩ resistor from ILIM to GND sets the default current limit to 0.5 A nominally, but an external resistor can be added in parallel with it to increase the limit to a maximum of 2 A.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSTAT\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eStatus output that indicates which input is currently connected to the output. This pin drives low when IN1 is selected and is pulled up to OUT through an on-board 100 kΩ pull-up resistor when IN2 is selected.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"132\"\u003eD−\u003cbr\u003e D+\u003cbr\u003e ID\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSignals broken out from USB connector.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecification\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"385\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"237\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"148\"\u003e2.8V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.5V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMaximum output current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1″ × 0.55″ × 0.15″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.9g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eControl inputs\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe TPS2113A has three control inputs that can optionally be used to override the default behaviour of the device: VSNS (switching operation control),\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(enable), and ILIM (current limit control).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVSNS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin determines the switching behaviour of the device. It is pulled low by default, which results in autoswitching mode (the higher of the two input sources is automatically selected). However, when the voltage on this pin exceeds 0.8 V, the primary input source, IN1, is connected to OUT regardless of the voltages on IN1 and IN2. The precise nature of this 0.8 V threshold in turn makes it possible to use an external resistor to set the desired switching threshold for IN1. By connecting this external resistor between VSNS and IN1, a voltage divider is created with the existing 20 kΩ VSNS pull-down resistor, and the board will select IN1 as long as the output of this voltage divider is greater than 0.8 V. (If it drops below the 0.8 V threshold, the multiplexer reverts to selecting the higher of the two sources.) The value of the added resistor determines the voltage at which the behaviour of the multiplexer changes, as defined by the following equation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/TPS2113A_forumla_1.jpg?v=1648833223\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe board has a second IN1 pin so that there is a convenient place to connect this switching threshold resistor. For 5 V applications, adding a 100 kΩ resistor works well, since that sets the threshold to 4.8 V. The VSNS input has built-in hysteresis which helps prevent repeated switching from one source to the other.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin can be driven high to turn off the output and put the TPS2113A in a low-power state. The board is enabled by default.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eILIM\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epin is used to set the multiplexer’s current limit by comparing the voltage across a resistor with an internal 0.5V reference. The board includes a 1 kΩ resistor that sets the default current limit to a nominal 0.5 A, but an external resistor can be connected between the ILIM pin and GND to increase the limit to a maximum of 2 A. Such a resistor can conveniently be connected between the ILIM pin and the neighbouring GND pin. The following equation shows how the value of the external resistor determines the current limit:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/TPS2113A_forumla_2.jpg?v=1648833281\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe can see from this that the 2 A maximum current limit can be achieved by adding a 330 Ω resistor. (Note that the actual current limiting threshold can vary by up to about 0.3 A from the nominal limit; see the datasheet for details.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePower connections without USB\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to select from between two general power supplies, you can connect one power source across IN1 and GND and the other across IN2 and GND. The voltages on these power inputs can be up to 5.5 V, and the multiplexer will function with IN1 as low as 1.5V as long as IN2 is above 2.8 V. The load should be connected across OUT and GND and should draw no more than 2 A. In this configuration, the power supply connected to IN1 is the primary power source if VSNS is high.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/TPS2113A_example-1.jpg?v=1648833383\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePower connections with USB\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Micro-B USB connector makes it easy to use USB as one of the two power sources. By default, the VBUS line from the USB connector is tied to IN1. This allows you to power your circuit from either USB or an external power source connected to IN2, with USB as the primary power source if VSNS is high.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/TPS2113A_example-2.jpg?v=1648833431\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIf you want the external source to be the primary source instead of USB, you can use a hobby knife to cut the trace in the board’s surface-mount jumper that connects the IN1 and VBUS pads, then bridge the VBUS and IN2 pads to connect those two lines together. You can then connect your external source to IN1, making it the preferred supply if VSNS is high.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/TPS2113A_example-3.jpg?v=1648833485\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning:\u003c\/strong\u003e It is important to be aware that while this board has three power inputs, two of those three are typically tied together (there are only two independent power inputs to the TPS2113A). As such, you must take care to avoid creating a short circuit between USB power and an external power supply. For example, when the board is in its default configuration (i.e. with VBUS tied to IN1), any external power supply must be connected to IN2; connecting it to IN1 will create a short between this power supply and USB power when USB is connected.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe remaining lines from the USB connector (D−, D+, ID, and GND) are broken out to a set of pins adjacent to OUT, allowing this module to also function as a basic USB Micro-B connector breakout board.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe included 1×15 strip of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e0.1″ header pins\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ecan be broken into smaller pieces and soldered in to use the board with perfboards,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebreadboards, or\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e0.1″ female connectors. The board has two mounting holes that work with #2 and M2\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003escrews\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(not included).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTPS2113A power multiplexer carrier with USB Micro-B connector schematic diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTPS2113A datasheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643653587005,"sku":"gqk1789691809319","price":8.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-tps2113a-power-multiplexer-carrier-with-micro-usb-connector_1.jpg?v=1789691814"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-2a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v20f5","title":"Pololu 5V 2A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S13V20F5","description":"\u003cdiv id=\"short_description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis powerful synchronous switching step-up\/step-down regulator from Pololu efficiently produces \u003cstrong\u003e5V 2A\u003c\/strong\u003e output from input voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8V and 22V\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts ability to convert both higher and lower input voltages makes it useful for applications where the power supply voltage can vary greatly, as with batteries that start above but discharge below 5V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe board measures 0.35″ × 0.475″, has a typical efficiency of 85% to 95% and can supply typical continuous output currents between 1A and 2.5A depending on the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13VxF5 family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated 5V output. They take input voltages from 2.8V to 22V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and typical continuous output currents between 1A and 3A \u003cstrong\u003e(\u003cem\u003ethis particular model is 2A\u003c\/em\u003e)\u003c\/strong\u003e. The flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above 5V and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulators have an under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection and over-current protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e2.8V to 22V\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e5V\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003ewith 3% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e1A to 2.5A, depending on input voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003emaximum continuous output current graph\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e85% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eefficiency graph\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10 mA to 20 mA typical no-load quiescent current (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003equiescent current graph\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout and output over-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-current protection and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5A output current limit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed switching frequency of ~500 kHz\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 8.9 mm × 12.1 mm × 5.6 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"493\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"267\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"226\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.8V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e22V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2A\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e20mA\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eFixed 5V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.35″ × 0.475″ × 0.22″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.8 g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model (STEP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDXF Drill Guides\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has just three connections: the input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT). The input voltage, VIN, powers the regulator. Voltages between 2.8 V and 22 V can be applied to VIN. VOUT is the regulated output voltage. These through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esolderless breadboards\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand perfboards and\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat use a 0.1″ grid.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 3×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand a 3×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eare included, and you can solder in the one that gives you your desired board orientation. Alternatively, you can solder wires directly to the board for the most compact installations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"efficiency\"\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Pololu-4085-efficiency-regulator_1.jpg?v=1652823538\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"maxcurrent\"\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, airflow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S13VxF5 family can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Pololu-4085-continuous-output_1.jpg?v=1652823538\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"quiescent\"\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Pololu-4085-quiescent-current_1.jpg?v=1652823538\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"clear\"\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed the regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are connecting more than about 15V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 35V.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643689336893,"sku":"ytw1789692207306","price":14.45,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-2a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v20f5_1.jpg?v=1789692211"},{"product_id":"usb-c-rechargeable-lithium-ion-18650-battery-36v-2600mah","title":"USB-C Rechargeable Lithium-ion 18650 Battery (3.6V, 2600mAh)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis is Ansmann's clever take on your traditional protected 18650 cells. They've added a USB-C charging port at the top of this \u003cstrong\u003e2600mAH 3.6V\u003c\/strong\u003e battery to allow you to conveniently charge it from most standard 5V USB ports using a USB-C cable (not included). There's even a charge status LED on the battery - clever - we just had to stock it!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003cstrong\u003eThis battery has a button top and includes a protection circuit.\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eThe integrated safety board makes the battery longer in size (3-4mm longer) compared to unprotected 18650 Li-Ion batteries\u003c\/strong\u003e. This may make the battery unsuitable for certain battery holders and boards - please check before buying.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eEasy charging\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe battery can be charged with a standard USB-C charging cable. A PC, a power bank or a USB power supply (5V) can be used as a power supply. Alternatively, a lithium charger can be used.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePerfectly protected with a safety circuit\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe integrated safety board protects the cells against overload, short circuits and deep discharge, so the rechargeable battery is protected against incorrect usage, which guarantees a longer lifetime.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eHigher energy\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompared to conventional NiMH batteries, Li-Ion technology provides approximately double the energy density for the same size.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLow weight, low self-discharge and high cycle stability\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe battery is extremely long-lasting and can be recharged up to 2000 times even under tough operating conditions. With a very low self-discharge, the battery keeps its energy for a long time, even when not used. The power-to-weight ratio is much better than other battery technologies (eg. NiCD\/NiMH\/PB), with Lithium being much lighter.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eVersatile applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIdeal for use in modern devices like LED torches, headlights, e-cigarettes, laser pens, etc. With its high capacity of 2600 mAh, this is perfect for use in high-power devices. Also, this battery can be used in a wide range of temperatures from -20°C to +60°C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also stock AA, AAA and 9V versions \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eof these USB-rechargeable batteries!\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-quality Ansmann Lithium battery 18650 with safety board and integrated USB-C charging socket. The charging current is limited internally to max. 1A.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEasy charging of the battery with a standard USB-C charging cable. A PC, a power bank or a USB power supply (5V) can be used as a power supply. Alternatively, the battery can also be charged with a lithium charger (max. charging current).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThere is a charge status LED on the positive pole of the battery. During the charging process, it lights up red, when the battery is fully charged it switches to green.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdeal for use in modern LED flashlights, headlamps, laser pens, etc.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated protection circuit against overload, short circuit and deep discharge\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVery low self-discharge and high energy density\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"height: 216px;\" width=\"364\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eColour\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003eWhite\/Purple\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCell Chemistry\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003eLithium-ion\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVoltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.6V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNominal Capacity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2600 mAh\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum Capacity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003e2500 mAh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCell Size\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003e18650\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNumber Of Cells\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003e1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharging Cycles\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003e2000\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFast Rechargeable\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003eYes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUSB Type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003eUSB-C\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnergy Content\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.859px;\"\u003e9.36 Wh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x USB-C rechargeable 18650 battery (3.6V, 2600mAh)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUSB cable not included\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eRevision History\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs of 14\/07\/2023 we are now stocking the USB-C version (previously Micro-USB)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"ANSMANN","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643719581757,"sku":"gkn1789692620276","price":15.76,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/usb-c-rechargeable-lithium-ion-18650-battery-36v-2600mah_1.jpg?v=1789692624"},{"product_id":"gravity-i2c-37v-li-battery-fuel-gauge","title":"Gravity: I2C 3.7V Li Battery Fuel Gauge","description":"\u003cp\u003e3.7V lithium batteries are commonly used in projects, however, the remaining power and voltage of the lithium battery are highly nonlinear. We can only roughly judge whether the battery is full or almost empty according to its voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Gravity I2C 3.7V Lithium Battery Fuel Gauge employs the Gravity I2C interface, ultra-low operating current and real-time tracking of the relative state of charge (SOC) of the battery through Maxim's patented algorithm, eliminating the need for full-to-empty relearning and offset accumulation errors. The module also features a low battery power alert interrupt function. When the battery power falls below a specified threshold, the ALR pin generates a falling pulse to trigger the external interrupt of the microcontroller.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eYou will find it a great help to estimate the battery life by learning the power consumption of the system with this module. In solar-powered projects, it helps to record the status of the battery power change in a day or even months, which benefits to understand the power balance of charge and discharge of the solar system.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eConnection Example - Arduino\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/DFR0563-arduino-example_1.jpg?v=1661272469\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eConnection Example - Raspberry Pi\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/DFR0563-rpi-example_1.jpg?v=1661272469\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eMaxim's Patented Algorithm, accurate voltage and remaining power readings of lithium battery\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNo Full-to-Empty Relearning Process, No Offset Accumulation Errors, Plug and Play\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWide Input Voltage, Compatible with 3.3V and 5V Controllers\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProgrammable Low Power Alert Interrupt Threshold\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBattery Reverse Connection Protection\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput Voltage (VCC): 3.3V~6.0V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBattery Input Voltage (BAT IN): 2.5V~4.2V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBattery Type(BAT IN): 3.7V Li-polymer\/Li-ion battery\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOperating Current: 50 uA\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInterface: Gravity I2C (logic level: 0-3.3V)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimension: 22.0x30.0mm\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eProduct wiki\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003ePinout\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/DFR0563-pinout_1.jpg?v=1661272469\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ctable width=\"621\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 104.062px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLabel\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 182.203px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eName\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 320.734px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 104.062px;\"\u003e+\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 182.203px;\"\u003eVCC\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 320.734px;\"\u003ePower VCC（3.3~6.0V）\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 104.062px;\"\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 182.203px;\"\u003eGND\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 320.734px;\"\u003ePower GND\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 104.062px;\"\u003eC\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 182.203px;\"\u003eSCL\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 320.734px;\"\u003eI2C Clock Signal\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 104.062px;\"\u003eD\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 182.203px;\"\u003eSDA\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 320.734px;\"\u003eI2C Data Signal\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 104.062px;\"\u003eALR\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 182.203px;\"\u003eALRT*\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 320.734px;\"\u003eLow battery power alert interrupt (active low)\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 104.062px;\"\u003eBAT IN\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 182.203px;\"\u003eBattery input\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 320.734px;\"\u003e3.7V lithium battery connection port\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 104.062px;\"\u003eREV BAT\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 182.203px;\"\u003eBattery reverse Indicator\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"width: 320.734px;\"\u003eWhen connection is reversed, REV BAT lights up\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x Gravity: I2C 3.7V Li Battery Fuel Gauge\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x XH2.54-2P Header\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x Gravity 4-pin I2C\/ UART Sensor Wire\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"DFRobot","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643732066365,"sku":"dad1789692797900","price":8.41,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/gravity-i2c-37v-li-battery-fuel-gauge_1.jpg?v=1789692804"},{"product_id":"16340-rechargeable-protected-lithium-ion-battery-36v-850mah","title":"16340 Rechargeable Protected Lithium-ion Battery (3.6V, 850mAh)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ansmann 16340 3.6V Li-Ion \u003cstrong\u003eprotected\u003c\/strong\u003e battery (RCR123A) is extremely long-lasting and can be recharged up to 2000 times even under tough operating conditions. This battery has a nominal capacity of 850mAh.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis battery has a button top and includes a protection circuit. \u003c\/strong\u003eThe integrated safety board makes this battery slightly larger than the 16340 inside (17x35mm approximately) compared to unprotected 16340 Li-Ion batteries. This may make the battery unsuitable for certain battery holders and boards - please check before buying.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you're after a non-rechargeable CR123A battery, click here!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff2a00;\"\u003eLithium Battery Shipping:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Due to courier restrictions, this product can only be shipped within England\/Wales. With this item in your cart, your shipping options will be limited to DHL. 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NiCD\/NiMH\/PB), with Lithium being much lighter\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdeal in modern devices like LED torches, headlights, e-cigarettes, laser pens, etc\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh capacity of 850 mAh - perfect for use in high-power devices\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan be used in a wide range of temperatures from -20°C to +60°C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eintegrated safety board\u003c\/strong\u003e makes this battery slightly larger than the 16340 inside – 17350 (17x35mm approximately)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"364\" style=\"height: 198px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCell Chemistry\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.5px;\"\u003eLithium-ion\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVoltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.6V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNominal Capacity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e850 mAh\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum Capacity\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.5px;\"\u003e830 mAh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 172.5px;\"\u003e~17x35mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePackaging\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.5px;\"\u003eBlister packaging\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCell Size\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.5px;\"\u003e16340\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNumber Of Cells\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.5px;\"\u003e1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 181.5px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnergy Content\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 172.5px;\"\u003e3.06 Wh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e1x\u003c\/strong\u003e 16340 Rechargeable Protected Lithium-ion Battery (3.6V, 850mAh)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDatasheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"ANSMANN","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643774074941,"sku":"wgv1789694526433","price":7.98,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/16340-rechargeable-protected-lithium-ion-battery-36v-850mah_1.jpg?v=1789694531"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-1a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d24v10f5","title":"Pololu 5V 1A Step-Down Voltage Regulator (D24V10F5)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe compact (0.5″ × 0.7″) Pololu \u003cstrong\u003eD24V10F5\u003c\/strong\u003e synchronous buck voltage regulator takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput voltage of up to 36V\u003c\/strong\u003e and efficiently \u003cstrong\u003ereduces it to 5V\u003c\/strong\u003e while allowing for a \u003cstrong\u003emaximum output current of 1A\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis regulator offers typical efficiencies between 85% and 90% and has a very low dropout, so it can be used with input voltages as low as a few hundred millivolts above 5V. The pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/p\u003e \u0026lt;\u0026gt; \u003cp\u003eThe D24V10Fx family of step-down voltage regulators features the Intersil ISL85410 1A synchronous buck regulator and generates lower output voltages from input voltages as high as 36V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) with typical efficiencies between 80% and 95%, which is much more efficient than linear voltage regulators, especially when the difference between the input and output voltage is large.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese regulators have a power-save mode that activates at light loads and a low quiescent (no load) current draw, which makes them well-suited for applications that are run from a battery.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe different versions of this regulator all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe SHDN pin can be used to put the board in a low-power state that reduces the quiescent current to approximately 10 µA to 20 µA per volt on VIN, and a PG (power good) output can be used to monitor the state of the regulator’s output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulators feature short-circuit\/over-current protection, and thermal shutdown helps prevent damage from overheating. The boards \u003cstrong\u003edo not have reverse-voltage protection\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput voltage: [output voltage + dropout voltage] to 36 V (see below for more information on dropout voltage)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFixed 5V output with 4% accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMaximum output current: 1 A\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 93%\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e500 kHz switching frequency (when not in power-save mode)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e2 ms soft-start reduces in-rush current on power-up\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e200 μA typical no-load quiescent current\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSmall size: 18mm × 13mm × 3.5mm\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"442\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd width=\"263\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd width=\"179\"\u003e5.1V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e36V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e1A\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e5V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.2 mA\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.5″ × 0.7″ × 0.14″\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e1.0g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe buck regulator has five connections: power good (PG). shutdown (SHDN), input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator, \u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that drives low when the regulator’s output voltage falls below 80% or rises above 120% of its target output voltage. This output is also actively held low for the duration of the regulator’s 2 ms soft-start period and while the regulator is being disabled by the SHDN input or by over-temperature or over-current fault conditions. An external pull-up resistor is generally required to use this pin.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe \u003cstrong\u003eSHDN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin can be driven low (under 0.4 V) to turn off the output and put the board into a low-power state. There is a 100 kΩ pull-up resistor between the SHDN pin and VIN, so if you want to leave the board permanently enabled, the SHDN pin can be left disconnected. While the SHDN pin is being driven low, the current draw of the regulator is dominated by the current through the pull-up resistor and will be proportional to the input voltage. (At 36 V in it will draw about 360 μA.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, powers the regulator. Voltages between 3 V and 36 V can be applied to VIN, but the effective lower limit of VIN is VOUT plus the regulator’s dropout voltage, which varies approximately linearly with the load (see below for graphs of dropout voltages as a function of the load). Additionally, please be wary of destructive LC spikes (see below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe output voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e, is fixed and depends on the regulator version: the D24V10F3 version outputs 3.3 V, the D24V10F5 version outputs 5 V, the D24V10F6 version outputs 6 V, the D24V10F9 version outputs 9 V, and the D24V10F12 version outputs 12 V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe five connections are labelled on the back side of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 5×1 straight male header strip or the 5×1 right-angle male header strip that is included.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency and output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. This family of switching regulators typically has an efficiency of 80% to 93%, though the actual efficiency in a given system depends on input voltage, output voltage, and output current. See the efficiency graph near the bottom of this page for more information.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn order to achieve high efficiency at low loads, this regulator automatically goes into a power-save mode where the switching frequency is reduced. In power-save mode, the switching frequency of the regulator changes as necessary to minimize power loss. This could make it harder to filter out noise on the output caused by switching.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical dropout voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe dropout voltage of a step-down regulator is the minimum amount by which the input voltage must exceed the regulator’s target output voltage in order to ensure the target output can be achieved. For example, if a 5V regulator has a 1V dropout voltage, the input must be at least 6V to ensure the output is the full 5V. Generally speaking, the dropout voltage increases as the output current increases.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe graphs below show the typical efficiency and dropout voltage of this 5V D24V10F5 regulator as a function of the output current:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pololu-2831-graphs_1.jpg?v=1678727570\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eLC voltage spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed the regulator’s maximum voltage (36V), the regulator can be destroyed. In our tests with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), input voltages above 20V caused spikes over 36V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIf you are connecting more than 20V or your power leads or supply has high inductance\u003c\/strong\u003e, we recommend soldering a 33μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 50V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntersil ISL85410 regulator datasheet\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSchematic\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x Pololu 5V 1A Step-Down Voltage Regulator\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x 5x1 straight male header strip\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e1x 5x1 right-angle male header strip\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643774763069,"sku":"nqo1789694593925","price":11.12,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-1a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d24v10f5_1.jpg?v=1789694599"},{"product_id":"semi-flexible-monocrystalline-solar-panel-6v-1a","title":"Semi-Flexible Monocrystalline Solar Panel (6V 1A)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis powerful monocrystalline solar panel features an A-class monocrystalline silicon panel. Thanks to its waterproof design, you don't have to worry about rain and wet conditions. It can supply plenty of power in various environments to prevent the system from shutting down.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe energy of this solar panel will be particularly efficient when paired with the DFRobot solar power management board. The panels are provided with open holes and copper clasps so that they can be mounted for easy portability and use. The ultra-thin, lightweight design weighs just 87g. It's much lighter than a solar panel in a traditional glass package.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you hang this panel, make sure the panel is facing the sun and there is no shade covering the solar panel.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecification\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating Voltage: 5V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating Current: 1A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaximum power: 5W\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen-circuit Voltage: 6V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShort circuit current: 1.1A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaterial: Monocrystalline Silicon Flexible Lamination\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWire length: 1m\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProduct size: 29x15x0.135cm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorking temperature: -20 ° C ~ 60 °C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDatasheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Semi-Flexible Monocrystalline Solar Panel (6V 1A)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"DFRobot","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643778269245,"sku":"cod1789694970659","price":14.04,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/semi-flexible-monocrystalline-solar-panel-6v-1a_1.jpg?v=1789694977"},{"product_id":"monocrystalline-silicon-solar-panel","title":"Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Panel","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis particular panel has the highest efficiency rate due to it being made from \u003cspan\u003eMonocrystalline. This high-efficiency rate means it produces more power per square foot and is therefore very space-efficient. They perform better in low levels of sunlight, making them great for cloudy areas. With their power level, it means you can install fewer of them and still achieve an output equal to a larger array of other panels, making it ideal for people with limited space.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYou can connect this to a power management module, or other control boards that support 5.5V solar panels. A great choice for power would be our solar power manager, which you can find here.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe panel's cable is Micro-USB\u003c\/strong\u003e and comes with a USB-C adapter - however, for many power management boards, you may need to snip this off and wire manually.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWith a tough glass panel for durability, a waterproof feature for resistance to weather conditions, and an easy installation, this is the ideal panel for your next project!\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"441\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"174\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSolar Cell Type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"267\"\u003eMonocrystalline Silicon\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSolar Panel Power\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e6W\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOperating Voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.5V ± 5%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOperating Current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1000mA ± 5% (Max)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpen Circuit Voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e7.2V ± 5%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eShort Circuit Current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1090mA ± 5% (Max)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput Interfaces\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003emicro USB, USB Type-C (with adapter)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCable Length\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3m\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutline Dimensions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e225.0 × 195.0 × 17.6mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnection Example - Power Management\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Monocrystalline_Silicon_Solar_Panel_features_1.jpg?v=1683109282\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Panel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Bracket\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3x Screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Micro-USB to USB-C adapter\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3x Wall plugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Monocrystalline_silicon_solar_panel_contents_1.jpg?v=1683110222\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Waveshare","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643779514429,"sku":"yvf1789695053927","price":9.06,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/monocrystalline-silicon-solar-panel_1.jpg?v=1789695058"},{"product_id":"semi-flexible-polycrystalline-silicon-solar-panel-18v-10w","title":"Semi-flexible Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Panel (18V 10W)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis \u003cspan\u003eSolar Panel consists of several crystals of silicon in a single PV cell that gives a high degree of energy transfer efficiency, with bypass diodes to minimize the effects of shadows. On top of that, it also has a high power density, high-temperature coefficient, and eco-friendly production due to less waste being produced, and the manufacturing process requires very few fossil fuels.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith its thin and portable design, different outputs and a host of accessories, this really is a great addition to your next outdoor project!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese are compatible for use with our 3 solar power managers, A, B and C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdopts semi-flexible polycrystalline silicon solar panel, thin and portable, convenient for outdoor use\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated with 5V voltage regulator circuit, 2x USB power outputs for external 5V devices, onboard working status indicator\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReserved DC5521 power output port for connecting to power manager module or other controllers which support 18V solar panel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComes with multiple accessories and adapter cables\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWhat's on Board\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Polycrystalline_Silicon_solar_panel_features_1.jpg?v=1684400478\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"783\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"325\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSOLAR CELL TYPE\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"458\"\u003ePolycrystalline silicon\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMATERIAL\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSemi-flexible laminate (not capable of excessive bending)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSOLAR PANEL POWER\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e10W\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDC5521 FEMALE PORT\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eDirectly power output from the solar panel without conversion\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOperating voltage: 18V ± 5%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOperating current: 600mA ± 5% (Max)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOpen circuit voltage: 21.6V ± 5%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2× USB 5V PORT\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePower output after 5V regulator circuit\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"458\"\u003eOperating voltage: 5V (Requires good sunlight for stable 5V output,\u003cbr\u003eit is not recommended for use in sunless or weak light conditions)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOutput current: 1.5A (total output of the two USB ports)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDIMENSIONS\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e435 × 200mm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Polycrystalline_Silicon_solar_panel_contents_1.jpg?v=1684401947\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Semi-flexible Polycrystalline silicon Solar Panel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Alligator Clip\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4x Suction Cup\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2x Spring Snap Hooks\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x USB Cable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Waveshare","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643782070333,"sku":"fad1789695177131","price":13.31,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/semi-flexible-polycrystalline-silicon-solar-panel-18v-10w_1.jpg?v=1789695181"},{"product_id":"pololu-33v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v16f3","title":"Pololu 3.3V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V16F3","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis compact switching step-up (or boost) voltage regulator efficiently generates \u003cstrong\u003e3.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e from input voltages as low as \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e and handles continuous input currents up to around \u003cstrong\u003e1.6A\u003c\/strong\u003e. (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7V, but it operates down to 1.3V after that.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/p\u003e \u0026lt;\u0026gt; \u003cp\u003eThe U3V16Fx family of boost (step-up) voltage regulators are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) and have a typical efficiency between 85% to 95%.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulators actively limit the instantaneous input currents to 2A when boosting, and input currents up to around 1.6A can typically be maintained for many minutes without triggering thermal shutdown, though the actual performance depends on the input and output voltages as well as external factors such as ambient temperature and airflow. For boost regulators, the output current equals the input current times the efficiency divided by the boost ratio of VOUT to VIN, so the more you are boosting, the lower the maximum output current will be (see the maximum continuous output current section below for performance graphs).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese regulators feature a variety of built-in protections, including cycle-by-cycle input current limiting, under-voltage lockout, and over-temperature shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning\u003c\/strong\u003e: This boost regulator uses the typical topology that connects the input to the output through an inductor and diode, with nothing to completely break that current path. Therefore, the input voltage will go through to the output even when the regulator is disabled, and exposure to short circuits or other excessive loads will damage the regulator. This regulator also does not have protection against reverse voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e3.3V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e (Note: \u003cstrong\u003eminimum start-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 85% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~1.2 MHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical no-load quiescent currents under 1 mA (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2A switch current limit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical continuous input currents up to around 1.6A (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTolerates input voltage above output set voltage (output will track input, see the connections section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegrated protections: \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver-temperature shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 13.1 × 8.1 × 3mm\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWeight: 0.4g\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"480\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd width=\"314\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd width=\"166\"\u003e1.3V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e16V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum input current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e2A\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e3.3V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.32″ × 0.515″ × 0.1″\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.4g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-pins_1.jpg?v=1685015258\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, must initially be at least 2.7 V and should not exceed 16 V. Once the regulator is on, VIN can fall as low as 1.3 V and the regulator will continue to operate. Please note that if VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which could be dangerous for your connected load if it cannot tolerate that higher voltage. The regulator itself should generally be able to tolerate such pass-through voltages as long as they do not exceed 16 V and the load is not trying to draw currents through the regulator that are beyond what the regulator can withstand.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw. The U3V16Fx regulators \u003cstrong\u003edo not have short-circuit protection\u003c\/strong\u003e, so they could be damaged if exposed to output shorts or excessive loads.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe connections are labelled on the back side of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 1×3 straight male header strip or the 1×3 right-angle male header strip that are included.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4940-efficiency_1.jpg?v=1685020533\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature and air flow. The graph below shows the typical maximum continuous output currents these regulators can deliver at room temperature with no forced airflow or heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-output-current_1.jpg?v=1685016134\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-quiescent-current_1.jpg?v=1685017630\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. In our tests with this family of regulator connected with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), we found that input voltages up to 9 V did not generally cause spikes high enough to damage the regulator itself, but even lower input voltages did cause spikes that could still be problematic for boost regulators operating with the input voltage close to the set output voltage, since input voltages above the set output voltage will propagate to the output and could damage circuits being powered by the regulator. An electrolytic capacitor (33 μF is a good starting point) can be added close to the regulator between VIN and GND to help suppress these spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643783413821,"sku":"uwy1789695212377","price":6.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-33v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v16f3_1.jpg?v=1789695217"},{"product_id":"pololu-12v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v16f12","title":"Pololu 12V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V16F12","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis compact switching step-up (or boost) voltage regulator efficiently generates \u003cstrong\u003e12V\u003c\/strong\u003e from input voltages as low as \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e and handles continuous input currents up to around \u003cstrong\u003e1.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e. (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7V, but it operates down to 1.3V after that.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/p\u003e \u0026lt;\u0026gt; \u003cp\u003eThe U3V16Fx family of boost (step-up) voltage regulators are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) and have a typical efficiency between 85% to 95%.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulators actively limit the instantaneous input currents to 2A when boosting, and input currents up to around 1.6A can typically be maintained for many minutes without triggering thermal shutdown, though the actual performance depends on the input and output voltages as well as external factors such as ambient temperature and airflow. For boost regulators, the output current equals the input current times the efficiency divided by the boost ratio of VOUT to VIN, so the more you are boosting, the lower the maximum output current will be (see the maximum continuous output current section below for performance graphs).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese regulators feature a variety of built-in protections, including cycle-by-cycle input current limiting, under-voltage lockout, and over-temperature shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning\u003c\/strong\u003e: This boost regulator uses the typical topology that connects the input to the output through an inductor and diode, with nothing to completely break that current path. Therefore, the input voltage will go through to the output even when the regulator is disabled, and exposure to short circuits or other excessive loads will damage the regulator. This regulator also does not have protection against reverse voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e12V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e (Note: \u003cstrong\u003eminimum start-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 85% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~1.2 MHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical no-load quiescent currents under 1 mA (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2A switch current limit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical continuous input currents up to around 1.5A (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTolerates input voltage above output set voltage (output will track input, see the connections section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegrated protections: \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver-temperature shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 13.1 × 8.1 × 3mm\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWeight: 0.4g\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"480\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd width=\"314\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd width=\"166\"\u003e1.3V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e16V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum input current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e2A\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e12V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.32″ × 0.515″ × 0.1″\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.4g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-pins_1.jpg?v=1685015258\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, must initially be at least 2.7 V and should not exceed 16 V. Once the regulator is on, VIN can fall as low as 1.3 V and the regulator will continue to operate. Please note that if VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which could be dangerous for your connected load if it cannot tolerate that higher voltage. The regulator itself should generally be able to tolerate such pass-through voltages as long as they do not exceed 16 V and the load is not trying to draw currents through the regulator that are beyond what the regulator can withstand.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw. The U3V16Fx regulators \u003cstrong\u003edo not have short-circuit protection\u003c\/strong\u003e, so they could be damaged if exposed to output shorts or excessive loads.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe connections are labelled on the back side of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 1×3 straight male header strip or the 1×3 right-angle male header strip that are included.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4945-efficiency_1.jpg?v=1685021305\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature and air flow. The graph below shows the typical maximum continuous output currents these regulators can deliver at room temperature with no forced airflow or heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-output-current_1.jpg?v=1685016134\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-quiescent-current_1.jpg?v=1685017630\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. In our tests with this family of regulator connected with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), we found that input voltages up to 9 V did not generally cause spikes high enough to damage the regulator itself, but even lower input voltages did cause spikes that could still be problematic for boost regulators operating with the input voltage close to the set output voltage, since input voltages above the set output voltage will propagate to the output and could damage circuits being powered by the regulator. An electrolytic capacitor (33 μF is a good starting point) can be added close to the regulator between VIN and GND to help suppress these spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643784298557,"sku":"cce1789695237237","price":5.96,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-12v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v16f12_1.jpg?v=1789695243"},{"product_id":"sparkfun-buck-regulator-breakout-33v-ap3429a","title":"SparkFun Buck Regulator Breakout - 3.3V (AP3429A)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe SparkFun 3.3V Buck Regulator Breakout features the AP3429A from Diodes Inc., a 2A step-down DC-DC converter with an input voltage range of 2.7V to 5.5V. This full-size, 1in. x 1in. version of our buck regulator boards is configured to provide a regulated 3.3V output (from a 3.9 to 5.5V input voltage range), which is controlled by an EN (enable) pin. To dissipate excess heat, a 0.6in. x 0.5in. A copper pad is provided to attach a heat sink to the bottom of the board.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs a full-size buck regulator breakout, additional options for connecting input and output power are available. There is a pre-assembled screw terminal for a non-permanent connection, the option to solder on a barrel jack for an external power supply, and five PTH pins to create a more permanent installation. Our full-size buck regulators also come with a red, power indication LED that light up when the power output is enabled. This board has four mounting holes compatible with 4-40 hardware.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGet Started With The Sparkfun AP3429A Buck Regulator Guide\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBuck Board:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1in. x 1in. PCB layout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThree power input\/output options: \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003ePre-assembled 4-pin screw terminal\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFive 0.1in. spaced PTH pins\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFour plated slots for a\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDC barrel jack\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003e(input only)\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower connections: \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003ccode\u003eVIN\u003c\/code\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e- Power In (3.9V to 5.5V)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003ccode\u003eGND\u003c\/code\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e- Common Ground\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003ccode\u003eVOUT\u003c\/code\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e- Power Out (Regulated 3.3V)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003ccode\u003eEN\u003c\/code\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e- Enable (Pull high to enable the power output)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eRed, power LED indicator\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e0.5in. x 0.6in. Plated copper pad\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003e(for heat sinks)\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAP3429A:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eVIN: 2.7V to 5.5V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eVOUT: 0.6V to VIN\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e2A Continuous Output Current\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e90µA No-Load Quiescent Current\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e1MHz Switching Frequency\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProtection Circuitry \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUndervoltage Lockout (UVLO)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput Overvoltage Protection\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver Current Protection \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eCycle-by-Cycle Peak Current Limit\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThermal Shutdown (160°C\/320°F)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eSchematic\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEagle Files\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBoard Dimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eHookup Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\nDatasheet\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(AP3429A) \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAP3428 Application Note\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\nManufacturer's Product Page\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(AP3429A) \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eTechnical Documentation\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDiodes Technical Support Page\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eGitHub Hardware Repo\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Sparkfun","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643784593469,"sku":"epo1789695264167","price":6.79,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/sparkfun-buck-regulator-breakout---33v-ap3429a_1.jpg?v=1789695272"},{"product_id":"ansmann-usb-ausb-c-in-car-charger-with-pd-and-qc30","title":"Ansmann USB-A\/USB-C In-Car Charger with PD and QC3.0","description":"\u003cp\u003eA flexible USB-A\/USB-C car charger from Ansmann is compatible with Power Delivery and Quick-Charge 3.0.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith two USB ports and an output of 30 watts, it offers the ideal charging solution for your application on USB-A or USB-C port. Ideal for powering your 5V in-car project or charging a MacBook, iPhone, iPad, iPad Pro or other USB-C devices at the maximum possible speed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFast and efficient charging technology, which enables compatible devices to be charged in the shortest possible time (e.g. to 80% in approx. 30 minutes). High power up to 30W per port. If both ports are used at the same time, the integrated smart IC chip distributes a maximum power of 15W.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn-car USB\/USB-C charger\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3A 5V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower Delivery (PD) and Quick Charge 3.0 (QC) compatible - up to 30W\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUSB-A and USB-C ports\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePart number: Ansmann 1000-0029\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModel number: Ansmann CC230PD\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"height: 270px;\" width=\"536\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eColour\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003eBlack\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003ePackaging\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003eCardboard\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 72px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 72px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eCompatibility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 72px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003eAndroid smartphones; Samsung Galaxy S10 5G, A80, A70 and newer; Apple iPhone 12 \/ 12 Pro \/ 11 \/ 11 Pro\/ XR\/ XS \/ XS Max\/ X\/ 8\/ 8 Plus\/ and older; Apple iPad, iPod, AirPods\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eOutput Voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003e5VDC\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eInput Voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003e12 - 24VDC\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eExit\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003e5V DC \/ 3000 \/ 30W\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eMaximum Output Power\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003e30W\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eMaximum Output Current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003e3A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eUSB Ports (Minimum)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003e2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eUSB Type\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003eUSB-A\/USB-C\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eCharging Speed\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003e3000\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 212.188px;\"\u003eMaximum input current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 313.812px;\"\u003e3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eManual\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"ANSMANN","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643787018301,"sku":"nbn1789695334092","price":11.28,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/ansmann-usb-ausb-c-in-car-charger-with-pd-and-qc30_1.jpg?v=1789695339"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v16f5","title":"Pololu 5V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U3V16F5","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis compact switching step-up (or boost) voltage regulator efficiently generates \u003cstrong\u003e5V\u003c\/strong\u003e from input voltages as low as \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e and handles continuous input currents up to around \u003cstrong\u003e1.6A\u003c\/strong\u003e. (Note: minimum start-up voltage is 2.7V, but it operates down to 1.3V after that.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe pins have a 0.1″ spacing, making this board compatible with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003eThe U3V16Fx family of boost (step-up) voltage regulators are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) and have a typical efficiency between 85% to 95%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulators actively limit the instantaneous input currents to 2A when boosting, and input currents up to around 1.6A can typically be maintained for many minutes without triggering thermal shutdown, though the actual performance depends on the input and output voltages as well as external factors such as ambient temperature and airflow. For boost regulators, the output current equals the input current times the efficiency divided by the boost ratio of VOUT to VIN, so the more you are boosting, the lower the maximum output current will be (see the maximum continuous output current section below for performance graphs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese regulators feature a variety of built-in protections, including cycle-by-cycle input current limiting, under-voltage lockout, and over-temperature shutdown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning\u003c\/strong\u003e: This boost regulator uses the typical topology that connects the input to the output through an inductor and diode, with nothing to completely break that current path. Therefore, the input voltage will go through to the output even when the regulator is disabled, and exposure to short circuits or other excessive loads will damage the regulator. This regulator also does not have protection against reverse voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e5V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e1.3V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e (Note: \u003cstrong\u003eminimum start-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of 85% to 95%, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~1.2 MHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical no-load quiescent currents under 1 mA (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2A switch current limit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical continuous input currents up to around 1.6A (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTolerates input voltage above output set voltage (output will track input, see the connections section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated protections:\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-temperature shutdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 13.1 × 8.1 × 3mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight: 0.4g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"480\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"314\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"166\"\u003e1.3V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e16V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum input current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.32″ × 0.515″ × 0.1″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.4g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-pins_1.jpg?v=1685015258\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, must initially be at least 2.7 V and should not exceed 16 V. Once the regulator is on, VIN can fall as low as 1.3 V and the regulator will continue to operate. Please note that if VIN is higher than VOUT, the higher input voltage will show up on the output, which could be dangerous for your connected load if it cannot tolerate that higher voltage. The regulator itself should generally be able to tolerate such pass-through voltages as long as they do not exceed 16 V and the load is not trying to draw currents through the regulator that are beyond what the regulator can withstand.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw. The U3V16Fx regulators \u003cstrong\u003edo not have short-circuit protection\u003c\/strong\u003e, so they could be damaged if exposed to output shorts or excessive loads.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe connections are labelled on the back side of the PCB and are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in either the 1×3 straight male header strip or the 1×3 right-angle male header strip that are included.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-efficiency_1.jpg?v=1685015393\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature and airflow. The graph below shows the typical maximum continuous output currents these regulators can deliver at room temperature with no forced airflow or heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-output-current_1.jpg?v=1685016134\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/pol-4941-quiescent-current_1.jpg?v=1685017630\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. In our tests with this family of regulators connected with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), we found that input voltages up to 9 V did not generally cause spikes high enough to damage the regulator itself, but even lower input voltages did cause spikes that could still be problematic for boost regulators operating with the input voltage close to the set output voltage, since input voltages above the set output voltage will propagate to the output and could damage circuits being powered by the regulator. An electrolytic capacitor (33 μF is a good starting point) can be added close to the regulator between VIN and GND to help suppress these spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension Diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643787968573,"sku":"ler1789695353090","price":6.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-step-up-voltage-regulator-u3v16f5_1.jpg?v=1789695358"},{"product_id":"olimexino-nano-bat-power-supply-module","title":"Olimexino Nano BAT - Power Supply Module","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis module stacks onto the Olimexino Nano development board and provides a LiPo connection, LiPo charging, a 3v CR2032 lithium battery holder and a switch for selecting the power source (to switch off the battery if necessary).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Olimexino nano development board is not included.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStacks on top of the Olimexino Nano\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiPo battery charger\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiPo connector\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCR2032 Lithium 3V battery connector (battery not included)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwitch for selecting battery power (switch off the battery if necessary)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean Declaration of Conformity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eHardware\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"\"\u003eSchematic\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"\"\u003eRevision B source files\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x OLIMEXINO-NANO-BAT Power Supply\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Olimexino Nano development board is not included.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Olimex","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643791114301,"sku":"txa1789695541660","price":3.71,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/olimexino-nano-bat---power-supply-module_1.jpg?v=1789695547"},{"product_id":"sparkfun-buck-regulator-breakout-18v-ap3429a","title":"SparkFun Buck Regulator Breakout - 1.8V (AP3429A)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe SparkFun 1.8V Buck Regulator Breakout features the AP3429A from Diodes Inc., a 2A step-down DC-DC converter with an input voltage range of 2.7V to 5.5V. This full-size, 1in. x 1in. version of our buck regulator boards is configured to provide a regulated 1.8V output, which is controlled by an EN (enable) pin. To dissipate excess heat, a 0.6in. x 0.5in. A copper pad is provided to attach a heat sink to the bottom of the board.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs a full-size buck regulator breakout, additional options for connecting input and output power are available. There is a pre-assembled screw terminal for a non-permanent connection, the option to solder on a barrel jack for an external power supply, and five PTH pins to create a more permanent installation. Our full-size buck regulators also come with a red, power indication LED that light up when the power output is enabled. This board has four mounting holes compatible with 4-40 hardware.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGet Started With The Sparkfun AP3429A Buck Regulator Guide\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBuck Board:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e1in. x 1in. PCB layout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThree power input\/output options: \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003ePre-assembled 4-pin screw terminal\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFive 0.1in. spaced PTH pins\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFour plated slots for a\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDC barrel jack (               \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower connections: \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eVIN \u003c\/span\u003e- Power In (2.7V to 5.5V)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eGND \u003c\/span\u003e- Common Ground\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eVOUT \u003c\/span\u003e- Power Out (Regulated 1.8V)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eEN \u003c\/span\u003e- Enable (Pull high to enable the power output)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eRed, power LED indicator\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e0.5in. x 0.6in. Plated copper pad (For heat sinks) \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAP3429A:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eVIN: 2.7V to 5.5V\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eVOUT: 0.6V to VIN\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e2A Continuous Output Current\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e90µA No-Load Quiescent Current\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e1MHz Switching Frequency\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProtection Circuitry \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUndervoltage Lockout (UVLO)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput Overvoltage Protection\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver Current Protection \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eCycle-by-Cycle Peak Current Limit\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThermal Shutdown (160°C\/320°F)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eSchematic\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEagle Files\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBoard Dimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eHookup Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\nDatasheet\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(AP3429A) \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAP3428 Application Note\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\nManufacturer's Product Page\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(AP3429A) \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eTechnical Documentation\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDiodes Technical Support Page\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eGitHub Hardware Repo\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Sparkfun","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643792785469,"sku":"zud1789695609025","price":7.36,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/sparkfun-buck-regulator-breakout---18v-ap3429a_1.jpg?v=1789695612"},{"product_id":"olimex-dcdc6-16-to5-power-converter-6-16v-to-5v2a","title":"Olimex DCDC6-16-TO5 Power Converter (6-16V to 5V\/2A)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis handy module from Olimex allows your 5V development boards to be powered by a barrel jack power supply in the 6V-16V DC range.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt's a very convenient solution if you want to use your 5V boards in a car - the DCDC6-16-TO5 will transform the 12V input to 5V\/2A output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input connector is a standard centre-positive barrel jack. The output connector is USB-A which you can use in conjunction with a matching USB cable for your microcontroller (most commonly a micro-USB or USB-C cable).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs this module offers 2A max current, it's not really suitable for a Raspberry Pi 3 or 4. 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The very low standby consumption makes this charger not only efficient but also economical.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe device has a foldable US plug, which makes it very compact and space-saving to fit in your luggage. The interchangeable plugs for UK and EU are simply pushed onto the folded US plug. 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The batteries are great for replacing regular 1.5V or 1.2V AAA batteries in many devices, providing steady power. They even work well in higher temperatures, making them more versatile than alkaline batteries.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCharging is easy with a built-in USB-C port, and you don't need extra chargers since they \u003cstrong\u003ecome with a special 1-to-4 USB-C cable that allows four AAA batteries to be charged at the same time with just one cable\u003c\/strong\u003e. These batteries are suitable for everyday electronics like toys, remote controls, and flashlights. The indicator on the positive pole of the batteries flashes while charging. As soon as the charge is complete, it lights up permanently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey're lightweight, hold their charge well when not in use, and can be recharged up to 1200 times. 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It provides a consistent 9V output, making it a good replacement for traditional disposable batteries in various devices like remote controls, microphones, and medical equipment. It works well across temperatures from -20°C to +60°C. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe battery is easy to charge via its USB-C port and\u003cstrong\u003e comes with its own USB cable\u003c\/strong\u003e. It can be charged using standard USB sources like laptops or power banks. The battery is lightweight, has a low self-discharge rate, and can be recharged up to 1200 times. It's efficient, maintains its charge well when not in use, and is ideal for devices that require a steady power supply.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eWe also stock AA, AAA and 18650 versions of these USB-rechargeable batteries\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote\u003c\/strong\u003e: The USB plug is \u003cstrong\u003eNOT\u003c\/strong\u003e included\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff2a00;\"\u003eLithium Battery Shipping:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Due to courier restrictions, this product can only be shipped within England\/Wales. With this item in your cart, your shipping options will be limited to DHL. Why?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-quality Ansmann lithium 9V PP3 E-block battery with protective circuit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStable voltage of 9V over the entire period of use\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdeal for use in remote controls, microphones, measuring devices (multimeters), toys, watches, medical devices, etc.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated protective circuit protects against overcharging, overload, short circuit and deep discharge\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMax. continuous discharge current: 0.3 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVery low self-discharge and high energy efficiency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"442\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"237\"\u003eCell Size\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"205\"\u003e9V E-block\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCell Chemistry\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLithium-ion\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNominal Voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e9V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNominal Capacity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e400mAh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMinimum Capacity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e340mAh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNumber of cells in packaging\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEnergy\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3.7 Wh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eColour\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eViolet, White\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePackaging\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCardboard\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eStorage Temperature\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-20 - 25°C\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOperating Temperature\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-20 - 60°C\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Li-Ion 9V E-Block Rechargeable Battery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x USB-A - USB-C Cable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"ANSMANN","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643810021437,"sku":"esf1789696294474","price":24.49,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/usb-c-rechargeable-li-ion-9v-battery-400mah_1.jpg?v=1789696299"},{"product_id":"usb-c-rechargeable-li-ion-aa-batteries-4-pack-2000mah","title":"USB-C Rechargeable Li-Ion AA Batteries (4-pack, 2000mAh)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThese \u003cstrong\u003eAA\u003c\/strong\u003e batteries each have \u003cstrong\u003etheir own USB-C port\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003efor easy and convenient charging - no more dedicated chargers, just plug it in anywhere you have a USB port!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA 4-in-one USB-A to USB-C Cable is included.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese AA Li-Ion batteries are a durable and efficient alternative to traditional alkaline and NiMH batteries and are suitable for various electronic devices. They have built-in protection against common battery issues like overcharging and short circuits, contributing to their longevity. With a consistent voltage output and the ability to function in a wide temperature range, they outperform alkaline batteries in stability and endurance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese batteries can be charged via their USB-C port, eliminating the need for separate chargers. They're designed for repeated use, supporting up to 1200 recharge cycles with minimal energy loss when not in use. Lightweight and cost-effective, they provide a reliable power source for everyday electronics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also stock AAA, 9V and 18650 versions of these USB-rechargeable batteries!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnly charge the Li-Ion batteries using the included USB to USB-C cable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe USB plug is \u003cstrong\u003eNOT\u003c\/strong\u003e included\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff2a00;\"\u003eLithium Battery Shipping:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e Due to courier restrictions, this product can only be shipped within England\/Wales. With this item in your cart, your shipping options will be limited to DHL. Why?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-quality Ansmann lithium-ion AA batteries with protective circuit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStable voltage of 1.5 V for 95% of the running time. When there is a remaining capacity of approx. 5%, the voltage is reduced to 1.1V to signal the user that the battery needs to be replaced.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIdeally suited for use in electrical. Toys, flashlights, radios, measuring devices, remote controls, wireless mice and keyboards, game cameras, game controllers, soap dispensers, and electronics. Door locks, wall clocks, weather stations, etc.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated protective circuit protects against overcharging, overload, short circuit and deep discharge\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMax. continuous discharge current: 2 A\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVery low self-discharge and high energy efficiency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"365\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"210\"\u003eCell Size\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"155\"\u003eAA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCell Chemistry\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eLithium-ion\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNominal Voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1.5V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNominal Capacity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2000mAh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMinimum Capacity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1800mAh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNumber of cells in packaging\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e4\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEnergy\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3.26 Wh\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eColour\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eViolet, White\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePackaging\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCardboard\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eStorage Temperature\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-20 - 25°C\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOperating Temperature\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-20 - 60°C\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4x Li-Ion AA Rechargeable Batteries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x 4-in-one USB-A - USB-C Cable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"ANSMANN","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643810119741,"sku":"beu1789696300031","price":18.79,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/usb-c-rechargeable-li-ion-aa-batteries-4-pack-2000mah_1.jpg?v=1789696305"},{"product_id":"ansmann-tc230pd-usb-interchangeable-travel-charger","title":"Ansmann TC230PD USB Interchangeable Travel Charger","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis travel charger is a practical charging device for USB-enabled gadgets. It has two ports: a USB-A and a USB-C, delivering up to 30W with Power Delivery (PD) fast-charging technology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuitable for worldwide use with a 100-240V input voltage, it's also \u003cstrong\u003etravel-friendly\u003c\/strong\u003e with a foldable connector and \u003cstrong\u003eattachable EU and UK plugs\u003c\/strong\u003e. Safety features include protection against overvoltage, short circuits, and overheating.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis charger is a great solution for charging needs at home or while travelling.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor ultra-fast charging of all USB-capable devices\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower Delivery (PD) fast charging up to 30W\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated, foldable US connector\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMulti-safe technology protects against overvoltage, short circuit and overheating\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: 100-240V, for worldwide use\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"height: 399px;\" width=\"560\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 38px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eInput Plug\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 38px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003eExtendable US plug and attachable EU and UK plugs \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eInput current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003eMax. 1.0 A \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eInput Voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003e100 V - 240 V ± 10 % AC\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eInput AC Frequency\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003e50 Hz \/ 60 Hz \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eAverage Active Efficiency\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003e≥ 80.39 % \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eEfficiency at Low Load (10%)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003e78.00%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eNo-load Power Consumption\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003e≤ 0.30 W\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eProtection Class\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003eII \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eHousing Material\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003ePC \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eHousing Type\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003ePlug-in case \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eAmbient Temperature at Operation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003e-20 ° C ~ 25 ° C \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eStorage Temperature\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003e-25 ° C ~ 75 ° C \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eApprovals\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003eCE \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 57px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 57px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eNet Weight (Approx.)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 57px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003ePower supply: 102 g\u003cbr\u003eEU plug: 14.2 g \u003cbr\u003eUK plug: 19.2 g \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 57px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 57px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eOutput Protection Functions\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 57px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003eShort Circuit\u003cbr\u003eOvervoltage\u003cbr\u003eOver Current \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 226.463px;\"\u003eInsulation (Primary\/Secondary)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 19px; width: 324.105px;\"\u003e3 kV \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDatasheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUser Manual\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x TC230PC USB Interchangeable Travel Charger\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Attachable EU plug\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Attachable UK plug\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"ANSMANN","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643810480189,"sku":"pas1789696299658","price":24.22,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/ansmann-tc230pd-usb-interchangeable-travel-charger_1.jpg?v=1789696329"},{"product_id":"pololu-6v-25a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v25f6","title":"Pololu 6V 2.5A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S13V25F6","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis synchronous switching step-up\/step-down regulator from Pololu efficiently produces \u003cstrong\u003e6V\u003c\/strong\u003e from input voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V and 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts ability to convert both higher and lower input voltages makes it useful for applications where the power supply voltage can vary greatly, as with batteries that start above but discharge below \u003cstrong\u003e6V\u003c\/strong\u003e. The board measures 0.9″ × 0.9″, has a typical efficiency of 85% to 95%, and can supply typical continuous \u003cstrong\u003eoutput currents between 1.5A and 3.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e depending on the input voltage. The regulator also features reverse voltage protection and an optional enable input that can be used to put the regulator in a low-power state with a current draw of less than \u003cstrong\u003e10 µA per volt\u003c\/strong\u003e on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eThe S13V25Fx family\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13V25Fx family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage. They take input voltages from 2.8 V to 22 V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and typical continuous output currents between 1 A and 3 A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13V25Fx regulators have under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection, over-current protection, and reverse-voltage protection up to 20 V. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis family consists of six 2.5 A regulators with output voltages ranging from 3.3 V to 15 V. These all use the same PCB with different components populated to achieve the different output voltages:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F3: 3.3V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F6: 6V output with 2.5 A continuous output current \u003cstrong\u003e(this item)\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F7: 7.5V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F9: 9V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F12: 12V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F15: 15V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe different versions of the S13V25Fx regulators all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures (6V S13V25F6)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V to 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e6V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e1.5 A to 3.5 A\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e85% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e10 mA to 20 mA\u003c\/strong\u003e typical no-load quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below); can be reduced to\u003cstrong\u003e 2 µA to 10 µA\u003c\/strong\u003e per volt on VIN by disabling the board\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout and output over-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to\u003cstrong\u003e 20V\u003c\/strong\u003e, over-current protection, and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e5.1 A\u003c\/strong\u003e output current limit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed switching frequency of \u003cstrong\u003e~500 kHz\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: \u003cstrong\u003e22.9 mm × 22.9 mm × 9.7 mm\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator \u003cstrong\u003eincludes\u003c\/strong\u003e a 5×1 straight male header strip and two 2-pin, 3.5 mm-pitch terminal blocks, and it can be assembled with either the header or terminal blocks, not both.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 0.1″ male header can be soldered into the smaller through-holes. Alternatively, the terminal blocks can be locked together and soldered into the larger holes to allow for convenient temporary connections of unterminated wires (see our short video on terminal block installation). You can also solder wires directly to the board for the most compact installation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_header_options_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the terminal blocks are used, a small wire (not included) can be soldered to the enable pin as shown below, so it will not interfere with the VIN terminal block connection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_enable_pin_wire_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_pinout_1.jpg?v=1705417342\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has four connections: enable (EN), the input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and the output voltage (VOUT). The input voltage, VIN, powers the regulator. Voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V and 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e can be applied to VIN. VOUT is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by bringing the EN pin low. The rising threshold for the EN pin is between \u003cstrong\u003e1 V and 1.2 V\u003c\/strong\u003e, and the typical falling threshold is \u003cstrong\u003e100 mV\u003c\/strong\u003e lower than that (i.e. the typical falling hysteresis is \u003cstrong\u003e100 mV\u003c\/strong\u003e). This allows a precise low-VIN cutoff to be set, such as with the output of an external voltage divider powered by VIN, which can be useful for battery-powered applications where draining the battery below a particular voltage threshold could permanently damage it. The quiescent current draw in sleep mode is dominated by the current in the \u003cstrong\u003e475 kΩ\u003c\/strong\u003e pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 2 µA and 10 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator has two sets of through-holes: five smaller holes arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board (for compatibility with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1″ grid) and four larger holes intended for 3.5 mm-pitch terminal blocks. VIN, GND, and VOUT are available at both the smaller holes and larger holes, but EN is only available on the smaller row of through holes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of this specific voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Pololu_4981_efficiency_1.jpg?v=1705419105\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"504\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S13V25Fx \u003cstrong\u003efamily\u003c\/strong\u003e can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_current_output_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 2 µA and 10 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_quiescent_current_1.jpg?v=1705417487\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"399\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003e2.8 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003e22 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003e2.5 A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003e6 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003e20 mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003eFixed 6V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003e0.9″ × 0.9″ × 0.38″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px;\"\u003e3.8 g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643811135549,"sku":"qvo1789696331176","price":18.15,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-6v-25a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v25f6_1.jpg?v=1789696360"},{"product_id":"pololu-33v-25a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v25f3","title":"Pololu 3.3V 2.5A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S13V25F3","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis synchronous switching step-up\/step-down regulator from Pololu efficiently produces \u003cstrong\u003e3.3 V\u003c\/strong\u003e from input voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V and 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts ability to convert both higher and lower input voltages makes it useful for applications where the power supply voltage can vary greatly, as with batteries that start above but discharge below \u003cstrong\u003e3.3 V\u003c\/strong\u003e. The board measures 0.9″ × 0.9″, has a typical efficiency of 85% to 95%, and can supply typical continuous \u003cstrong\u003eoutput currents between 2.5 A and 3.5 A\u003c\/strong\u003e depending on the input voltage. The regulator also features reverse voltage protection and an optional enable input that can be used to put the regulator in a low-power state with a current draw of less than \u003cstrong\u003e10 µA per volt\u003c\/strong\u003e on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eThe S13V25Fx family\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13V25Fx family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage. They take input voltages from 2.8 V to 22 V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and typical continuous output currents between 1 A and 3 A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13V25Fx regulators have under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection, over-current protection, and reverse-voltage protection up to 20 V. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis family consists of six 2.5 A regulators with output voltages ranging from 3.3 V to 15 V. These all use the same PCB with different components populated to achieve the different output voltages:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F3: 3.3V output with 2.5 A continuous output current \u003cstrong\u003e(this item)\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F6: 6V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F7: 7.5V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F9: 9V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F12: 12V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F15: 15V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe different versions of the S13V25Fx regulators all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures (3.3V S13V25F3)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V to 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e3.3 V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e2.5 A to 3.5 A\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e85% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e10 mA to 20 mA\u003c\/strong\u003e typical no-load quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below); can be reduced to\u003cstrong\u003e 2 µA to 10 µA\u003c\/strong\u003e per volt on VIN by disabling the board\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout and output over-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to\u003cstrong\u003e 20 V\u003c\/strong\u003e, over-current protection, and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e5.1 A\u003c\/strong\u003e output current limit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed switching frequency of \u003cstrong\u003e~500 kHz\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: \u003cstrong\u003e22.9 mm × 22.9 mm × 9.7 mm\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator \u003cstrong\u003eincludes\u003c\/strong\u003e a 5×1 straight male header strip and two 2-pin, 3.5 mm-pitch terminal blocks, and it can be assembled with either the header or terminal blocks, not both.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 0.1″ male header can be soldered into the smaller through-holes. Alternatively, the terminal blocks can be locked together and soldered into the larger holes to allow for convenient temporary connections of unterminated wires (see our short video on terminal block installation). You can also solder wires directly to the board for the most compact installation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_header_options_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the terminal blocks are used, a small wire (not included) can be soldered to the enable pin as shown below, so it will not interfere with the VIN terminal block connection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_enable_pin_wire_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_pinout_1.jpg?v=1705417342\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has four connections: enable (EN), the input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and the output voltage (VOUT). The input voltage, VIN, powers the regulator. Voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V and 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e can be applied to VIN. VOUT is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by bringing the EN pin low. The rising threshold for the EN pin is between \u003cstrong\u003e1 V and 1.2 V\u003c\/strong\u003e, and the typical falling threshold is \u003cstrong\u003e100 mV\u003c\/strong\u003e lower than that (i.e. the typical falling hysteresis is \u003cstrong\u003e100 mV\u003c\/strong\u003e). This allows a precise low-VIN cutoff to be set, such as with the output of an external voltage divider powered by VIN, which can be useful for battery-powered applications where draining the battery below a particular voltage threshold could permanently damage it. The quiescent current draw in sleep mode is dominated by the current in the \u003cstrong\u003e475 kΩ\u003c\/strong\u003e pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 2 µA and 10 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator has two sets of through-holes: five smaller holes arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board (for compatibility with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1″ grid) and four larger holes intended for 3.5 mm-pitch terminal blocks. VIN, GND, and VOUT are available at both the smaller holes and larger holes, but EN is only available on the smaller row of through holes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of this specific voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_efficiency_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S13V25Fx \u003cstrong\u003efamily\u003c\/strong\u003e can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_current_output_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 2 µA and 10 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_quiescent_current_1.jpg?v=1705417487\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"399\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"244\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"155\"\u003e2.8 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e22 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e2.5 A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3.3 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e20 mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003efixed 3.3V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.9″ × 0.9″ × 0.38″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3.8 g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643811168317,"sku":"wzs1789696357879","price":16.19,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-33v-25a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v25f3_1.jpg?v=1789696363"},{"product_id":"pololu-12v-25a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v25f12","title":"Pololu 12V 2.5A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S13V25F12","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis synchronous switching step-up\/step-down regulator from Pololu efficiently produces \u003cstrong\u003e12V\u003c\/strong\u003e from input voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V and 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts ability to convert both higher and lower input voltages makes it useful for applications where the power supply voltage can vary greatly, as with batteries that start above but discharge below \u003cstrong\u003e12V\u003c\/strong\u003e. The board measures 0.9″ × 0.9″, has a typical efficiency of 85% to 95%, and can supply typical continuous \u003cstrong\u003eoutput currents between 0.5A and 3A\u003c\/strong\u003e depending on the input voltage. The regulator also features reverse voltage protection and an optional enable input that can be used to put the regulator in a low-power state with a current draw of less than \u003cstrong\u003e10 µA per volt\u003c\/strong\u003e on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eThe S13V25Fx family\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13V25Fx family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage. They take input voltages from 2.8 V to 22 V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and typical continuous output currents between 1 A and 3 A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13V25Fx regulators have under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection, over-current protection, and reverse-voltage protection up to 20 V. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis family consists of six 2.5 A regulators with output voltages ranging from 3.3 V to 15 V. These all use the same PCB with different components populated to achieve the different output voltages:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F3: 3.3V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F6: 6V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F7: 7.5V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F9: 9V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F12: 12V output with 2.5 A continuous output current \u003cstrong\u003e(this item)\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F15: 15V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe different versions of the S13V25Fx regulators all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures (12V S13V25F12)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V to 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e12V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e0.5A to 3A\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e85% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e10 mA to 35 mA\u003c\/strong\u003e typical no-load quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below); can be reduced to\u003cstrong\u003e 2 µA to 10 µA\u003c\/strong\u003e per volt on VIN by disabling the board\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout and output over-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to\u003cstrong\u003e 20V\u003c\/strong\u003e, over-current protection, and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e5.1 A\u003c\/strong\u003e output current limit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed switching frequency of \u003cstrong\u003e~500 kHz\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: \u003cstrong\u003e22.9 mm × 22.9 mm × 9.7 mm\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator \u003cstrong\u003eincludes\u003c\/strong\u003e a 5×1 straight male header strip and two 2-pin, 3.5 mm-pitch terminal blocks, and it can be assembled with either the header or terminal blocks, not both.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 0.1″ male header can be soldered into the smaller through-holes. Alternatively, the terminal blocks can be locked together and soldered into the larger holes to allow for convenient temporary connections of unterminated wires (see our short video on terminal block installation). You can also solder wires directly to the board for the most compact installation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_header_options_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the terminal blocks are used, a small wire (not included) can be soldered to the enable pin as shown below, so it will not interfere with the VIN terminal block connection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_enable_pin_wire_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_pinout_1.jpg?v=1705417342\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has four connections: enable (EN), the input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and the output voltage (VOUT). The input voltage, VIN, powers the regulator. Voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V and 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e can be applied to VIN. VOUT is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by bringing the EN pin low. The rising threshold for the EN pin is between \u003cstrong\u003e1 V and 1.2 V\u003c\/strong\u003e, and the typical falling threshold is \u003cstrong\u003e100 mV\u003c\/strong\u003e lower than that (i.e. the typical falling hysteresis is \u003cstrong\u003e100 mV\u003c\/strong\u003e). This allows a precise low-VIN cutoff to be set, such as with the output of an external voltage divider powered by VIN, which can be useful for battery-powered applications where draining the battery below a particular voltage threshold could permanently damage it. The quiescent current draw in sleep mode is dominated by the current in the \u003cstrong\u003e475 kΩ\u003c\/strong\u003e pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 2 µA and 10 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator has two sets of through-holes: five smaller holes arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board (for compatibility with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1″ grid) and four larger holes intended for 3.5 mm-pitch terminal blocks. VIN, GND, and VOUT are available at both the smaller holes and larger holes, but EN is only available on the smaller row of through holes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of this specific voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Pololu_4984_efficiency_1.jpg?v=1705421381\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"504\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S13V25Fx \u003cstrong\u003efamily\u003c\/strong\u003e can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_current_output_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 2 µA and 10 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_quiescent_current_1.jpg?v=1705417487\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"399\" style=\"height: 162px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e2.8 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e22 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e2.5 A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e12 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e35 mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003eFixed 12V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e0.9″ × 0.9″ × 0.38″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e3.8 g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643811758141,"sku":"hrs1789696409830","price":15.21,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-12v-25a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v25f12_1.jpg?v=1789696413"},{"product_id":"pololu-15v-25a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v25f15","title":"Pololu 15V 2.5A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S13V25F15","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis synchronous switching step-up\/step-down regulator from Pololu efficiently produces \u003cstrong\u003e15V\u003c\/strong\u003e from input voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V and 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts ability to convert both higher and lower input voltages makes it useful for applications where the power supply voltage can vary greatly, as with batteries that start above but discharge below \u003cstrong\u003e15V\u003c\/strong\u003e. The board measures 0.9″ × 0.9″, has a typical efficiency of 85% to 95%, and can supply typical continuous \u003cstrong\u003eoutput currents between 0.5A and 3A\u003c\/strong\u003e depending on the input voltage. The regulator also features reverse voltage protection and an optional enable input that can be used to put the regulator in a low-power state with a current draw of less than \u003cstrong\u003e10 µA per volt\u003c\/strong\u003e on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eThe S13V25Fx family\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13V25Fx family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage. They take input voltages from 2.8 V to 22 V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and typical continuous output currents between 1 A and 3 A.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13V25Fx regulators have under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection, over-current protection, and reverse-voltage protection up to 20 V. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis family consists of six 2.5 A regulators with output voltages ranging from 3.3 V to 15 V. These all use the same PCB with different components populated to achieve the different output voltages:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F3: 3.3V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F6: 6V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F7: 7.5V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F9: 9V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F12: 12V output with 2.5 A continuous output current\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS13V25F15: 15V output with 2.5 A continuous output current \u003cstrong\u003e(this item)\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe different versions of the S13V25Fx regulators all look very similar, so the bottom silkscreen includes a blank space where you can add your own distinguishing marks or labels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures (15V S13V25F15)\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V to 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e15V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e0.5A to 3A\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e85% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e10 mA to 45 mA\u003c\/strong\u003e typical no-load quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below); can be reduced to\u003cstrong\u003e 2 µA to 10 µA\u003c\/strong\u003e per volt on VIN by disabling the board\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout and output over-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to\u003cstrong\u003e 20V\u003c\/strong\u003e, over-current protection, and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e5.1 A\u003c\/strong\u003e output current limit\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed switching frequency of \u003cstrong\u003e~500 kHz\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: \u003cstrong\u003e22.9 mm × 22.9 mm × 9.7 mm\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eIncluded hardware\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator \u003cstrong\u003eincludes\u003c\/strong\u003e a 5×1 straight male header strip and two 2-pin, 3.5 mm-pitch terminal blocks, and it can be assembled with either the header or terminal blocks, not both.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 0.1″ male header can be soldered into the smaller through-holes. Alternatively, the terminal blocks can be locked together and soldered into the larger holes to allow for convenient temporary connections of unterminated wires (see our short video on terminal block installation). You can also solder wires directly to the board for the most compact installation:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_header_options_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf the terminal blocks are used, a small wire (not included) can be soldered to the enable pin as shown below, so it will not interfere with the VIN terminal block connection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_enable_pin_wire_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eConnections\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_pinout_1.jpg?v=1705417342\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has four connections: enable (EN), the input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and the output voltage (VOUT). The input voltage, VIN, powers the regulator. Voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8 V and 22 V\u003c\/strong\u003e can be applied to VIN. VOUT is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by bringing the EN pin low. The rising threshold for the EN pin is between \u003cstrong\u003e1 V and 1.2 V\u003c\/strong\u003e, and the typical falling threshold is \u003cstrong\u003e100 mV\u003c\/strong\u003e lower than that (i.e. the typical falling hysteresis is \u003cstrong\u003e100 mV\u003c\/strong\u003e). This allows a precise low-VIN cutoff to be set, such as with the output of an external voltage divider powered by VIN, which can be useful for battery-powered applications where draining the battery below a particular voltage threshold could permanently damage it. The quiescent current draw in sleep mode is dominated by the current in the \u003cstrong\u003e475 kΩ\u003c\/strong\u003e pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 2 µA and 10 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator has two sets of through-holes: five smaller holes arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board (for compatibility with standard solderless breadboards and perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1″ grid) and four larger holes intended for 3.5 mm-pitch terminal blocks. VIN, GND, and VOUT are available at both the smaller holes and larger holes, but EN is only available on the smaller row of through holes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of this specific voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/Pololu_4985_efficiency_1.jpg?v=1705421858\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"504\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S13V25Fx \u003cstrong\u003efamily\u003c\/strong\u003e can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_current_output_1.jpg?v=1705417236\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 2 µA and 10 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/3-3V_2-5A_Step-Up-Step-Down_Voltage_Regulator_S13V25F31_quiescent_current_1.jpg?v=1705417487\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"399\" style=\"height: 162px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e2.8 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e22 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e2.5 A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e15 V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e45 mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOutput type\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003eFixed 15V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e0.9″ × 0.9″ × 0.38″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 237.688px; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 151.312px; height: 18px;\"\u003e3.8 g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643813920829,"sku":"mch1789696584078","price":18.64,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-15v-25a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v25f15_1.jpg?v=1789696612"},{"product_id":"voltaic-p123-6v-06w-mini-solar-panel-etfe","title":"Voltaic P123 - 6V 0.6W Mini Solar Panel (ETFE)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Voltaic P123 6V 0.6W Mini Solar Panel delivers high-performance solar power in a lightweight design, ideal for IoT applications with strict size, reliability, and longevity requirements.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003eThe Voltaic \u003cstrong\u003eP123\u003c\/strong\u003e is a \u003cstrong\u003e66x66mm\u003c\/strong\u003e,\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003ehigh-performance\u003cstrong\u003e 6V 0.6W Mini ETFE solar panel\u003c\/strong\u003e designed for industrial IoT applications, offering a lightweight, efficient, and cost-effective solution for outdoor power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSMT ETFE panels are advantageous where size or weight is constrained, long lifetimes are desired, and strict quality and dimensional tolerances must be maintained. \u003cstrong\u003eThey do not come with a pre-installed cables, these panels require soldering.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVoltaic ETFE panels are manufactured using a strictly sourced and qualified material stack. They are third-party tested for the equivalent of over 10 years of UV exposure, along with thermal cycling, vibration stress, and exposure to chemicals and oils.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey are also used in a number of ATEX applications, demonstrating suitability for demanding and hazardous environments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePanel Accessories\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nVHB Gasket - creates a waterproof, secure seal when mounting P123 solar panels to enclosures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIPX7 waterproof rated\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10+ years UV exposure testing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThird-party agency qualification\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e24% high-efficiency Sun power solar cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack matte appearance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLow friction, anti-dust surface\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eOutput\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen Circuit Voltage: 7.09V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Voltage: 6.07V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Current: 110mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Power: 0.64W\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower Tolerance: +\/-10%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor maximum power output, orient the panel towards the sun\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMechanical Characteristics\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: 66 x 66 x 3.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight: 14.4 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard Tolerance: ± 0.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompliance: RoHS and REACH\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTesting: relevant sections of IEC 61215, SAE\u003cbr\u003eJ1455, and IEC 60529\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMounting: G105 VHB gasket\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating Temperature: −40°C to 85°C\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConstruction \u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMatte ETFE coating\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5mm double sided PCB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eElectrical Characteristics\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSymbol\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParameter\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNominal\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpected*\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMax power (mpp)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.71\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.60\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eW\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVoltage @ mpp\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e6.11\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.89\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eV\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCurrent @ mpp\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.12\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.10\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOC\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOpen-circuit voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e7.25\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e7.04\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eV\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eISC\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eShort-circuit current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.12\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.11\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eη\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCell efficiency\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e23.9\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e*Expected values are adjusted for real-world losses that include cutting of cells, imperfect transmissivity of the EVA and ETFE encapsulation layers, and the tolerance of the lowest performing cell piece in the series\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDatasheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical drawing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSTEP Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Voltaic P123 6V 0.6W Mini Solar Panel - ETFE\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Voltaic Systems","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643814903869,"sku":"caq1789696683929","price":8.23,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/voltaic-p123---6v-06w-mini-solar-panel-etfe_1.jpg?v=1789696710"},{"product_id":"voltaic-p122-6v-03w-mini-solar-panel-etfe","title":"Voltaic P122 - 6V 0.3W Mini Solar Panel (ETFE)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Voltaic P122 ETFE Solar Panel delivers durable, high-performance solar power in a lightweight design, ideal for IoT applications with strict size, reliability, and longevity requirements.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003cp\u003eThe Voltaic \u003cstrong\u003eP122\u003c\/strong\u003e is a \u003cstrong\u003e52x52mm \u003c\/strong\u003edurable, high-performance\u003cstrong\u003e 6V 0.3W ETFE solar panel\u003c\/strong\u003e designed for IoT applications, offering a lightweight, efficient, and cost-effective solution for outdoor power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSMT ETFE panels are particularly advantageous where size or weight is constrained, long lifetimes are required, and strict quality and dimensional tolerances must be maintained. \u003cstrong\u003eThey do not come with a pre-installed cables, these panels require soldering.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVoltaic ETFE panels are manufactured using a strictly sourced and qualified material stack. They are third-party tested for the equivalent of over 10 years of UV exposure, along with thermal cycling, vibration stress, and resistance to chemicals and oils.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey are also used in a number of ATEX applications, demonstrating suitability for demanding and hazardous environments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePanel Accessories\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\nVHB Gasket - creates a waterproof, secure seal when mounting P122 solar panels to enclosures\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIPX7 waterproof rated\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10+ years UV exposure testing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThird-party agency qualification\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e21.5% high-efficiency Sun power solar cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack matte appearance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLow friction, anti-dust surface\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eOutput\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen Circuit Voltage: 7.09V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Voltage: 6.07V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Current: 60mA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeak Power: 0.33W\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower Tolerance: +\/-10%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor maximum power output, orient the panel towards the sun\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMechanical Characteristics\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions: 52 x 52 x 3.1 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeight: 8.0 g\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard Tolerance: ± 0.5 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompliance: RoHS and REACH\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTesting: relevant sections of IEC 61215, SAE\u003cbr\u003eJ1455, and IEC 60529\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMounting: G105 VHB gasket\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOperating Temperature: −40°C to 85°C\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConstruction\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMatte ETFE coating\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5mm double sided PCB\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eElectrical Characteristics\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSymbol\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParameter\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNominal\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpected*\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMax power (mpp)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.32\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.27\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eW\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVoltage @ mpp\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.91\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.70\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eV\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIP\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCurrent @ mpp\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.050\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.048\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOC\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOpen-circuit voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e7.16\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e6.95\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eV\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eISC\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eShort-circuit current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.060\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.055\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eη\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCell efficiency\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e21.5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e*Expected values are adjusted for real-world losses that include cutting of cells, imperfect transmissivity of the EVA and ETFE encapsulation layers, and the tolerance of the lowest performing cell piece in the series\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDatasheet\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTechnical drawing\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSTEP Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1x Voltaic P122 6V 0.3W Mini Solar Panel - ETFE\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Voltaic Systems","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643815133245,"sku":"rei1789696724238","price":4.93,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/voltaic-p122---6v-03w-mini-solar-panel-etfe_1.jpg?v=1789696729"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-15a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v15f5","title":"Pololu 5V 1.5A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S13V15F5","description":"\u003cdiv id=\"short_description\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis powerful synchronous switching step-up\/step-down regulator from Pololu efficiently produces \u003cstrong\u003e5V 1.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e output from input voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8V and 22V\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIts ability to convert both higher and lower input voltages makes it useful for applications where the power supply voltage can vary greatly, as with batteries that start above but discharge below 5V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe board measures 0.35″ × 0.475″, has a typical efficiency of 85% to 95%.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003c\/div\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S13VxF5 family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated 5V output. They take input voltages from 2.8V to 22V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and typical continuous output currents between 1A and 3A \u003cstrong\u003e(\u003cem\u003ethis particular model is 1.5A\u003c\/em\u003e)\u003c\/strong\u003e. The flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above 5V and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulators have an under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection and over-current protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e2.8V to 22V\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e5V with 3% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e1A to 2A\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e85% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eefficiency graph\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e10 mA to 20 mA typical no-load quiescent current (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003equiescent current graph\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout and output over-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver-current protection and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2A output current limit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFixed switching frequency of ~500 kHz\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDouble-sided assembly for extra-compact size: 0.35″ × 0.475″ × 0.22″ (8.9 mm × 12.1 mm × 5.6 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"493\" style=\"height: 162px;\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003e2.8V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003e22V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003e1.5A\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003e5V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003e20mA\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003eFixed 5V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003e0.35″ × 0.475″ × 0.22″\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 261.859px;\"\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 221.141px;\"\u003e0.7 g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has just three connections: the input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT). The input voltage, VIN, powers the regulator. Voltages between 2.8 V and 22 V can be applied to VIN. VOUT is the regulated output voltage. These through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esolderless breadboards\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand perfboards and\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat use a 0.1″ grid.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3 id=\"efficiency\"\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S13V15F5_-_efficiency.jpg?v=1712678040\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3 id=\"maxcurrent\"\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, airflow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S13VxF5 family can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S13V10F5_-_max_cont_out_curr_1.jpg?v=1712676626\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3 id=\"quiescent\"\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S13V10F5_-_qui_curr_1.jpg?v=1712676626\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3 class=\"clear\"\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed the regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIf you are connecting more than about 15V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 35V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimension diagram\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model (STEP)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDXF Drill Guides\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlong with the board, a 3×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand a 3×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eare included, and you can solder in the one that gives you your desired board orientation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlternatively, you can solder wires directly to the board for the most compact installations.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643815919677,"sku":"cxd1789696857324","price":11.64,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-15a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v15f5_1.jpg?v=1789696862"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-1a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v10f5","title":"Pololu 5V 1A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S13V10F5","description":"\u003cdiv id=\"short_description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis powerful synchronous switching step-up\/step-down regulator from Pololu efficiently produces \u003cstrong\u003e5V 1A\u003c\/strong\u003e output from input voltages between \u003cstrong\u003e2.8V and 22V\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts ability to convert both higher and lower input voltages makes it useful for applications where the power supply voltage can vary greatly, as with batteries that start above but discharge below 5V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe board measures 0.35″ × 0.475″, has a typical efficiency of 85% to 95%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u0026lt;\u0026gt;\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe S13VxF5 family of efficient switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) use a buck-boost topology to convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated 5V output. They take input voltages from 2.8V to 22V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering a typical efficiency of over 85% and typical continuous output currents between 1A and 3A \u003cstrong\u003e(\u003cem\u003ethis particular model is 1A\u003c\/em\u003e)\u003c\/strong\u003e. The flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above 5V and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulators have an under-voltage lockout, output over-voltage protection and over-current protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you\u003c\/strong\u003e. Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e2.8V to 22V\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOutput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e5V with 3% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e1A\u003c\/strong\u003e (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e85% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eefficiency graph\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e10 mA to 20 mA typical no-load quiescent current (see the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003equiescent current graph\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ebelow)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout and output over-voltage protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOver-current protection and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1A output current limit\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFixed switching frequency of ~500 kHz\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDouble-sided assembly for extra-compact size: 0.35″ × 0.475″ × 0.17″ (8.9 mm × 12.1 mm × 4.2 mm)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"493\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"267\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"226\"\u003e2.8V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e22V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e20mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eFixed 5V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.35″ × 0.475″ × 0.17″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.6 g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has just three connections: the input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT). The input voltage, VIN, powers the regulator. Voltages between 2.8 V and 22 V can be applied to VIN. VOUT is the regulated output voltage. These through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003esolderless breadboards\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand perfboards and\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003econnectors\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ethat use a 0.1″ grid.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"efficiency\"\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S13V10F5_-_efficiency_1.jpg?v=1712676626\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"maxcurrent\"\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, airflow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S13VxF5 family can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S13V10F5_-_max_cont_out_curr_1.jpg?v=1712676626\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 id=\"quiescent\"\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S13V10F5_-_qui_curr_1.jpg?v=1712676626\u0026amp;width=700\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"clear\"\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed the regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are connecting more than about 15V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 35V.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimension diagram\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model (STEP)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDXF Drill Guides\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlong with the board, a 3×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003estraight male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eand a 3×1\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eright-angle male header strip\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eare included, and you can solder in the one that gives you your desired board orientation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlternatively, you can solder wires directly to the board for the most compact installations.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643815985213,"sku":"ecj1789696843644","price":8.93,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-1a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s13v10f5_1.jpg?v=1789696871"},{"product_id":"pololu-15v-27a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f15","title":"Pololu 15V 2.7A Step-Down Voltage Regulator D30V30F15","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu D30V3x line of synchronous buck (step-down) voltage regulators generates lower output voltages from input voltages as high as 45V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters), which makes them much more efficient than linear voltage regulators, especially when the difference between the input and output voltage is large.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis particular model (D30V30\u003cstrong\u003eF15\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput of 15V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eoutputs a fixed 15V\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical continuous output current of 2.7A\u003c\/strong\u003e. In general, the available output current decreases as the input and output voltages increase.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulators have reverse-voltage protection up to 40V, input under-voltage lockout, over-current protection, and short-circuit protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInput voltage: 15V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e (minimum input subject to dropout voltage considerations; see the dropout voltage section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage: 15V\u003c\/strong\u003e with \u003cstrong\u003e4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 1.5A to 3.2A\u003c\/strong\u003e (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eVery low dropout voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~700 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLow quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEnable input with precise cutoff threshold for disconnecting the load and putting the regulator into a low-power state that draws approximately 10 µA to 20 µA per volt on VIN\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e“Power good” output indicates when the regulator cannot adequately maintain the output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFrequency spread spectrum operation that lowers peak EMI noise\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout protection\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to 40 V, over-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.355″ (17.8 mm × 20.3 mm × 9 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"383\" style=\"height: 198px;\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e15V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e45V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e2.7A\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e15V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e16mA\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003efixed 15V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.35″\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e3.3g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003ereg32a\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e0J14242\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis regulator has six connections: power good (PG), enable (EN), input voltage (VIN), output voltage (VOUT), and two ground (GND) connections.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712913917\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator, \u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that goes low when the regulator’s output voltage either rises more than 7.5% (typical) above or falls more than 9% (typical) below the nominal voltage (with hysteresis). \u003cstrong\u003eAn external pull-up resistor is required to use this pin\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by reducing the voltage on the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin below 0.85 V (typical; the actual threshold can vary between 0.65 V and 1.05 V from unit to unit), and it can be brought out of this state again by increasing the voltage on EN past 1 V (typical). The shutdown current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from EN to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN. (Note that for high input voltages, the shutdown current draw when it is disabled can be greater than the quiescent draw while enabled; see the quiescent current graph below for more details.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA low-voltage cutoff can be set by adding an appropriately sized external pull-down resistor between EN and GND. This resistor and the on-board 100 kΩ pull-up would together form a VIN voltage divider with the output connected to EN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, powers the regulator. Voltages between 3.3 V and 45 V can be applied to VIN, but generally the effective lower limit of VIN is VOUT plus the regulator’s dropout voltage, which varies approximately linearly with the load (see below for graphs of the dropout voltage as a function of the load).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30F15_efficiency.jpg?v=1712918165\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of these regulators varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows maximum output currents that these regulators can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical dropout voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe dropout voltage of a step-down regulator is the minimum amount by which the input voltage must exceed the regulator’s target output voltage in order to ensure the target output can be achieved. For example, if a 5 V regulator has a 1 V dropout voltage, the input must be at least 6 V to ensure the output is the full 5 V. Generally speaking, the dropout voltage increases as the output current increases. The graph below shows the dropout voltages for the different members of this regulator family:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_dropout_voltage.jpg?v=1712914102\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA 6×1 straight male header strip and a 5×1 right-angle male header strip are included with the regulator; one pin of the straight header can optionally be separated with a pair of flush cutters and soldered into PG.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe six connection through-holes are arranged on a 0.1″ grid for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. The PG connection is the only one not located along the edge of the board. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643816312893,"sku":"cga1789696906456","price":28.11,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-15v-27a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f15_1.jpg?v=1789696911"},{"product_id":"pololu-12v-28a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f12","title":"Pololu 12V 2.8A Step-Down Voltage Regulator D30V30F12","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu D30V3x line of synchronous buck (step-down) voltage regulators generates lower output voltages from input voltages as high as 45V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters), which makes them much more efficient than linear voltage regulators, especially when the difference between the input and output voltage is large.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis particular model (D30V30\u003cstrong\u003eF12\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput of 12V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eoutputs a fixed 12V\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical continuous output current of 2.8A\u003c\/strong\u003e. In general, the available output current decreases as the input and output voltages increase.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulators have reverse-voltage protection up to 40V, input under-voltage lockout, over-current protection, and short-circuit protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInput voltage: 12V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e (minimum input subject to dropout voltage considerations; see the dropout voltage section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage: 12V\u003c\/strong\u003e with \u003cstrong\u003e4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 1.5A to 3.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eVery low dropout voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~700 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLow quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEnable input with precise cutoff threshold for disconnecting the load and putting the regulator into a low-power state that draws approximately 10 µA to 20 µA per volt on VIN\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e“Power good” output indicates when the regulator cannot adequately maintain the output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFrequency spread spectrum operation that lowers peak EMI noise\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout protection\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to 40 V, over-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.355″ (17.8 mm × 20.3 mm × 9 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"383\" style=\"height: 198px;\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e12V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e45V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e2.8A\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e12V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e14mA\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003efixed 12V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.35″\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e3.3g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003ereg32a\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e0J14242\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis regulator has six connections: power good (PG), enable (EN), input voltage (VIN), output voltage (VOUT), and two ground (GND) connections.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712913917\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator, \u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that goes low when the regulator’s output voltage either rises more than 7.5% (typical) above or falls more than 9% (typical) below the nominal voltage (with hysteresis). \u003cstrong\u003eAn external pull-up resistor is required to use this pin\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by reducing the voltage on the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin below 0.85 V (typical; the actual threshold can vary between 0.65 V and 1.05 V from unit to unit), and it can be brought out of this state again by increasing the voltage on EN past 1 V (typical). The shutdown current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from EN to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN. (Note that for high input voltages, the shutdown current draw when it is disabled can be greater than the quiescent draw while enabled; see the quiescent current graph below for more details.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA low-voltage cutoff can be set by adding an appropriately sized external pull-down resistor between EN and GND. This resistor and the on-board 100 kΩ pull-up would together form a VIN voltage divider with the output connected to EN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, powers the regulator. Voltages between 3.3 V and 45 V can be applied to VIN, but generally the effective lower limit of VIN is VOUT plus the regulator’s dropout voltage, which varies approximately linearly with the load (see below for graphs of the dropout voltage as a function of the load).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30F12_efficiency.jpg?v=1712917714\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of these regulators varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows maximum output currents that these regulators can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical dropout voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe dropout voltage of a step-down regulator is the minimum amount by which the input voltage must exceed the regulator’s target output voltage in order to ensure the target output can be achieved. For example, if a 5 V regulator has a 1 V dropout voltage, the input must be at least 6 V to ensure the output is the full 5 V. Generally speaking, the dropout voltage increases as the output current increases. The graph below shows the dropout voltages for the different members of this regulator family:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_dropout_voltage.jpg?v=1712914102\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA 6×1 straight male header strip and a 5×1 right-angle male header strip are included with the regulator; one pin of the straight header can optionally be separated with a pair of flush cutters and soldered into PG.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe six connection through-holes are arranged on a 0.1″ grid for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. The PG connection is the only one not located along the edge of the board. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643816607805,"sku":"off1789696927251","price":28.92,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-12v-28a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f12_1.jpg?v=1789696935"},{"product_id":"pololu-33v-37a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f3","title":"Pololu 3.3V 3.7A Step-Down Voltage Regulator D30V30F3","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu D30V3x line of synchronous buck (step-down) voltage regulators generates lower output voltages from input voltages as high as 45V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters), which makes them much more efficient than linear voltage regulators, especially when the difference between the input and output voltage is large.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis particular model (D30V30\u003cstrong\u003eF3\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput of 3.3V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eoutputs a fixed 3.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical continuous output current of 3.7A\u003c\/strong\u003e. In general, the available output current decreases as the input and output voltages increase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulators have reverse-voltage protection up to 40V, input under-voltage lockout, over-current protection, and short-circuit protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInput voltage: 3.3V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e (minimum input subject to dropout voltage considerations; see the dropout voltage section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage: 3.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e with \u003cstrong\u003e4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 3A to 4.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVery low dropout voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~700 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLow quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnable input with precise cutoff threshold for disconnecting the load and putting the regulator into a low-power state that draws approximately 10 µA to 20 µA per volt on VIN\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e“Power good” output indicates when the regulator cannot adequately maintain the output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrequency spread spectrum operation that lowers peak EMI noise\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to 40 V, over-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.355″ (17.8 mm × 20.3 mm × 9 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"383\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"248\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd width=\"135\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e45V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.7A\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.3V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e9mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003efixed 3.3V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.35″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e3.3g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ereg32a\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0J14242\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis regulator has six connections: power good (PG), enable (EN), input voltage (VIN), output voltage (VOUT), and two ground (GND) connections.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712913917\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator, \u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that goes low when the regulator’s output voltage either rises more than 7.5% (typical) above or falls more than 9% (typical) below the nominal voltage (with hysteresis). \u003cstrong\u003eAn external pull-up resistor is required to use this pin\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by reducing the voltage on the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin below 0.85 V (typical; the actual threshold can vary between 0.65 V and 1.05 V from unit to unit), and it can be brought out of this state again by increasing the voltage on EN past 1 V (typical). The shutdown current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from EN to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN. (Note that for high input voltages, the shutdown current draw when it is disabled can be greater than the quiescent draw while enabled; see the quiescent current graph below for more details.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA low-voltage cutoff can be set by adding an appropriately sized external pull-down resistor between EN and GND. This resistor and the on-board 100 kΩ pull-up would together form a VIN voltage divider with the output connected to EN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, powers the regulator. Voltages between 3.3 V and 45 V can be applied to VIN, but generally the effective lower limit of VIN is VOUT plus the regulator’s dropout voltage, which varies approximately linearly with the load (see below for graphs of the dropout voltage as a function of the load).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30F3_efficiency.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of these regulators varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that these regulators can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical dropout voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dropout voltage of a step-down regulator is the minimum amount by which the input voltage must exceed the regulator’s target output voltage in order to ensure the target output can be achieved. For example, if a 5 V regulator has a 1 V dropout voltage, the input must be at least 6 V to ensure the output is the full 5 V. Generally speaking, the dropout voltage increases as the output current increases. The graph below shows the dropout voltages for the different members of this regulator family:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_dropout_voltage.jpg?v=1712914102\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 6×1 straight male header strip and a 5×1 right-angle male header strip are included with the regulator; one pin of the straight header can optionally be separated with a pair of flush cutters and soldered into PG.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe six connection through-holes are arranged on a 0.1″ grid for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. The PG connection is the only one not located along the edge of the board. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643816640573,"sku":"sfr1789696927924","price":29.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-33v-37a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f3_1.jpg?v=1789696935"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-15a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s8v9f5","title":"Pololu 5V 1.5A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S8V9F5","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu S8V9Fx family of efficient switching regulators \u003cem\u003e(also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters)\u003c\/em\u003e convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage. They take input voltages from 1.4V to 16V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering typical efficiencies of 80% to 90% and typical continuous output currents over 1 A for input voltages close to the output voltage. (\u003cstrong\u003eNote: The minimum start-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e; see the connections section for details.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis particular model (S8V9\u003cstrong\u003eF5\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput voltage of 1.4V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cem\u003e(2.7 V startup)\u003c\/em\u003e and offers a \u003cstrong\u003efixed 5V output\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical maximum output current of 1.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8V9Fx regulators have under-voltage lockout and over-current protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e1.4V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e (Note: minimum \u003cstrong\u003estart-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOutput voltage:\u003cstrong\u003e 5V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e1A to 1.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e when the input voltage is close to the output voltage (see the maximum continuous output current graph below for current capabilities across the full input voltage range)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e80% to 90%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder 3 mA typical no-load quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below); can be reduced to 10 µA to 15 µA per volt on VIN by disabling the board\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver-current protection and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-saving feature maintains high efficiency at low currents\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.4″ × 0.65″ × 0.1″ (10.2 mm × 16.5 mm × 2.6 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"392\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd width=\"255\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd width=\"137\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.4V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e16V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.2A\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4mA\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003efixed 5V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.4″ × 0.65″ × 0.1\"\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.8 g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003ereg31a\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0J14112\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has four main connections: the output voltage (VOUT), ground (GND), the input voltage (VIN), and an enable input (EN).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712920384\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, should be between 2.7 V and 16 V when the regulator is first powered. After the regulator is running, it can continue operating down to 1.4 V. Lower inputs can shut down the voltage regulator; \u003cstrong\u003ehigher inputs can destroy the regulator\u003c\/strong\u003e, so you should ensure that noise on your input is not excessive, and you should be wary of destructive LC spikes (see the LC voltage spike section below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by bringing the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin low (under 1 V). Leaving the pin disconnected or bringing the pin above 1.3 V will enable the regulator. The quiescent current draw in sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 15 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9F5_efficiency.jpg?v=1712921334\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, airflow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S8V9Fx family can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712920384\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 15 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712920385\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed a regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed. If you are connecting more than about 9 V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 20 V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator is supplied with a 4×1 straight male header strip and a 4×1 right-angle male header strip.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard solderless breadboard, perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in the included breakaway 4×1 straight male header strip or the 4×1 right-angle male header strip as desired.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643816738877,"sku":"mlz1789696934850","price":10.22,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-15a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s8v9f5_1.jpg?v=1789696940"},{"product_id":"pololu-9v-29a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f9","title":"Pololu 9V 2.9A Step-Down Voltage Regulator D30V30F9","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu D30V3x line of synchronous buck (step-down) voltage regulators generates lower output voltages from input voltages as high as 45V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters), which makes them much more efficient than linear voltage regulators, especially when the difference between the input and output voltage is large.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis particular model (D30V30\u003cstrong\u003eF9\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput of 9V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eoutputs a fixed 9V\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical continuous output current of 2.9A\u003c\/strong\u003e. In general, the available output current decreases as the input and output voltages increase.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulators have reverse-voltage protection up to 40V, input under-voltage lockout, over-current protection, and short-circuit protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInput voltage: 9V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e (minimum input subject to dropout voltage considerations; see the dropout voltage section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage: 9V\u003c\/strong\u003e with \u003cstrong\u003e4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 2A to 3.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eVery low dropout voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~700 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLow quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEnable input with precise cutoff threshold for disconnecting the load and putting the regulator into a low-power state that draws approximately 10 µA to 20 µA per volt on VIN\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e“Power good” output indicates when the regulator cannot adequately maintain the output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFrequency spread spectrum operation that lowers peak EMI noise\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout protection\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to 40 V, over-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.355″ (17.8 mm × 20.3 mm × 9 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"383\" style=\"height: 198px;\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e9V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e45V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e2.9A\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e9V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e13mA\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003efixed 9V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.35″\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e3.3g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003ereg32a\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e0J14242\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis regulator has six connections: power good (PG), enable (EN), input voltage (VIN), output voltage (VOUT), and two ground (GND) connections.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712913917\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator, \u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that goes low when the regulator’s output voltage either rises more than 7.5% (typical) above or falls more than 9% (typical) below the nominal voltage (with hysteresis). \u003cstrong\u003eAn external pull-up resistor is required to use this pin\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by reducing the voltage on the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin below 0.85 V (typical; the actual threshold can vary between 0.65 V and 1.05 V from unit to unit), and it can be brought out of this state again by increasing the voltage on EN past 1 V (typical). The shutdown current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from EN to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN. (Note that for high input voltages, the shutdown current draw when it is disabled can be greater than the quiescent draw while enabled; see the quiescent current graph below for more details.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA low-voltage cutoff can be set by adding an appropriately sized external pull-down resistor between EN and GND. This resistor and the on-board 100 kΩ pull-up would together form a VIN voltage divider with the output connected to EN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, powers the regulator. Voltages between 3.3 V and 45 V can be applied to VIN, but generally the effective lower limit of VIN is VOUT plus the regulator’s dropout voltage, which varies approximately linearly with the load (see below for graphs of the dropout voltage as a function of the load).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30F9_efficiency.jpg?v=1712917291\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of these regulators varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows maximum output currents that these regulators can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical dropout voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe dropout voltage of a step-down regulator is the minimum amount by which the input voltage must exceed the regulator’s target output voltage in order to ensure the target output can be achieved. For example, if a 5 V regulator has a 1 V dropout voltage, the input must be at least 6 V to ensure the output is the full 5 V. Generally speaking, the dropout voltage increases as the output current increases. The graph below shows the dropout voltages for the different members of this regulator family:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_dropout_voltage.jpg?v=1712914102\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA 6×1 straight male header strip and a 5×1 right-angle male header strip are included with the regulator; one pin of the straight header can optionally be separated with a pair of flush cutters and soldered into PG.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe six connection through-holes are arranged on a 0.1″ grid for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. The PG connection is the only one not located along the edge of the board. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643816804413,"sku":"hne1789696939186","price":28.51,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-9v-29a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f9_1.jpg?v=1789696945"},{"product_id":"pololu-6v-15a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s8v9f6","title":"Pololu 6V 1.5A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S8V9F6","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu S8V9Fx family of efficient switching regulators \u003cem\u003e(also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters)\u003c\/em\u003e convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage. They take input voltages from 1.4V to 16V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering typical efficiencies of 80% to 90% and typical continuous output currents over 1 A for input voltages close to the output voltage. (\u003cstrong\u003eNote: The minimum start-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e; see the connections section for details.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis particular model (S8V9\u003cstrong\u003eF6\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput voltage of 1.4V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cem\u003e(2.7 V startup)\u003c\/em\u003e and offers a \u003cstrong\u003efixed 6V output\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical maximum output current of 1.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8V9Fx regulators have under-voltage lockout and over-current protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e1.4V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e (Note: minimum \u003cstrong\u003estart-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOutput voltage:\u003cstrong\u003e 6V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e1A to 1.5A\u003c\/strong\u003e when the input voltage is close to the output voltage (see the maximum continuous output current graph below for current capabilities across the full input voltage range)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e80% to 90%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder 3 mA typical no-load quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below); can be reduced to 10 µA to 15 µA per volt on VIN by disabling the board\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver-current protection and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-saving feature maintains high efficiency at low currents\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.4″ × 0.65″ × 0.1″ (10.2 mm × 16.5 mm × 2.6 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"392\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd width=\"255\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd width=\"137\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.4V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e16V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.2A\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e6V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5mA\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003efixed 6V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.4″ × 0.65″ × 0.1\"\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.8 g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003ereg31a\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0J14112\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has four main connections: the output voltage (VOUT), ground (GND), the input voltage (VIN), and an enable input (EN).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712920384\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, should be between 2.7 V and 16 V when the regulator is first powered. After the regulator is running, it can continue operating down to 1.4 V. Lower inputs can shut down the voltage regulator; \u003cstrong\u003ehigher inputs can destroy the regulator\u003c\/strong\u003e, so you should ensure that noise on your input is not excessive, and you should be wary of destructive LC spikes (see the LC voltage spike section below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by bringing the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin low (under 1 V). Leaving the pin disconnected or bringing the pin above 1.3 V will enable the regulator. The quiescent current draw in sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 15 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9F6_efficiency.jpg?v=1712921816\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, airflow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S8V9Fx family can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712920384\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 15 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712920385\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed a regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed. If you are connecting more than about 9 V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 20 V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator is supplied with a 4×1 straight male header strip and a 4×1 right-angle male header strip.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard solderless breadboard, perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in the included breakaway 4×1 straight male header strip or the 4×1 right-angle male header strip as desired.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643816869949,"sku":"seb1789696926533","price":8.93,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-6v-15a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s8v9f6_1.jpg?v=1789696957"},{"product_id":"pololu-6v-33a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f6","title":"Pololu 6V 3.3A Step-Down Voltage Regulator D30V30F6","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu D30V3x line of synchronous buck (step-down) voltage regulators generates lower output voltages from input voltages as high as 45V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters), which makes them much more efficient than linear voltage regulators, especially when the difference between the input and output voltage is large.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis particular model (D30V30\u003cstrong\u003eF6\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput of 6V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eoutputs a fixed 6V\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical continuous output current of 3.3A\u003c\/strong\u003e. In general, the available output current decreases as the input and output voltages increase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulators have reverse-voltage protection up to 40V, input under-voltage lockout, over-current protection, and short-circuit protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInput voltage: 6V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e (minimum input subject to dropout voltage considerations; see the dropout voltage section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage: 6V\u003c\/strong\u003e with \u003cstrong\u003e4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 2.5A to 4A\u003c\/strong\u003e (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVery low dropout voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~700 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLow quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnable input with precise cutoff threshold for disconnecting the load and putting the regulator into a low-power state that draws approximately 10 µA to 20 µA per volt on VIN\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e“Power good” output indicates when the regulator cannot adequately maintain the output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrequency spread spectrum operation that lowers peak EMI noise\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout protection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to 40 V, over-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.355″ (17.8 mm × 20.3 mm × 9 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"383\" style=\"height: 198px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e6V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e45V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e3.3A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e6V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e12mA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003efixed 6V\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.35″\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e3.3g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003ereg32a\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.141px;\"\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.859px;\"\u003e0J14242\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis regulator has six connections: power good (PG), enable (EN), input voltage (VIN), output voltage (VOUT), and two ground (GND) connections.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712913917\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator, \u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that goes low when the regulator’s output voltage either rises more than 7.5% (typical) above or falls more than 9% (typical) below the nominal voltage (with hysteresis). \u003cstrong\u003eAn external pull-up resistor is required to use this pin\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by reducing the voltage on the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin below 0.85 V (typical; the actual threshold can vary between 0.65 V and 1.05 V from unit to unit), and it can be brought out of this state again by increasing the voltage on EN past 1 V (typical). The shutdown current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from EN to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN. (Note that for high input voltages, the shutdown current draw when it is disabled can be greater than the quiescent draw while enabled; see the quiescent current graph below for more details.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA low-voltage cutoff can be set by adding an appropriately sized external pull-down resistor between EN and GND. This resistor and the on-board 100 kΩ pull-up would together form a VIN voltage divider with the output connected to EN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, powers the regulator. Voltages between 3.3 V and 45 V can be applied to VIN, but generally the effective lower limit of VIN is VOUT plus the regulator’s dropout voltage, which varies approximately linearly with the load (see below for graphs of the dropout voltage as a function of the load).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30F6_efficiency.jpg?v=1712916185\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of these regulators varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows maximum output currents that these regulators can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTypical dropout voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dropout voltage of a step-down regulator is the minimum amount by which the input voltage must exceed the regulator’s target output voltage in order to ensure the target output can be achieved. For example, if a 5 V regulator has a 1 V dropout voltage, the input must be at least 6 V to ensure the output is the full 5 V. Generally speaking, the dropout voltage increases as the output current increases. The graph below shows the dropout voltages for the different members of this regulator family:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_dropout_voltage.jpg?v=1712914102\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 6×1 straight male header strip and a 5×1 right-angle male header strip are included with the regulator; one pin of the straight header can optionally be separated with a pair of flush cutters and soldered into PG.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe six connection through-holes are arranged on a 0.1″ grid for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. The PG connection is the only one not located along the edge of the board. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643817001021,"sku":"xul1789696960173","price":24.9,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-6v-33a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f6_1.jpg?v=1789696966"},{"product_id":"pololu-75v-1a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s8v9f7","title":"Pololu 7.5V 1A Step-Up\/Step-Down Voltage Regulator S8V9F7","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu S8V9Fx family of efficient switching regulators \u003cem\u003e(also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters)\u003c\/em\u003e convert both higher and lower input voltages to a regulated output voltage. They take input voltages from 1.4V to 16V and increase or decrease them as necessary, offering typical efficiencies of 80% to 90% and typical continuous output currents over 1 A for input voltages close to the output voltage. (\u003cstrong\u003eNote: The minimum start-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e; see the connections section for details.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis particular model (S8V9\u003cstrong\u003eF7\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput voltage of 1.4V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cem\u003e(2.7 V startup)\u003c\/em\u003e and offers a \u003cstrong\u003efixed 7.5V output\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical maximum output current of 1A\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe flexibility in input voltage offered by this family of regulators is especially well-suited for battery-powered applications in which the battery voltage begins above the regulated voltage and drops below as the battery discharges. Without the typical restriction on the battery voltage staying above the required voltage throughout its life, new battery packs and form factors can be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe S8V9Fx regulators have under-voltage lockout and over-current protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput voltage: \u003cstrong\u003e1.4V to 16V\u003c\/strong\u003e (Note: minimum \u003cstrong\u003estart-up voltage is 2.7V\u003c\/strong\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOutput voltage:\u003cstrong\u003e 7.5V with 4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: \u003cstrong\u003e1A\u003c\/strong\u003e when the input voltage is close to the output voltage (see the maximum continuous output current graph below for current capabilities across the full input voltage range)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTypical efficiency of \u003cstrong\u003e80% to 90%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder 3 mA typical no-load quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below); can be reduced to 10 µA to 15 µA per volt on VIN by disabling the board\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOver-current protection and over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInput under-voltage lockout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-saving feature maintains high efficiency at low currents\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.4″ × 0.65″ × 0.1″ (10.2 mm × 16.5 mm × 2.6 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"392\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd width=\"255\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd width=\"137\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.4V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e16V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1A\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e7.5V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eN\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e6mA\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003efixed 7.5V\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.4″ × 0.65″ × 0.1\"\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0.8 g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003ereg31a\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e0J14112\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe step-up\/step-down regulator has four main connections: the output voltage (VOUT), ground (GND), the input voltage (VIN), and an enable input (EN).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712920384\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage. The regulator’s soft-start feature gradually ramps up the VOUT voltage on start-up to limit in-rush current draw.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, should be between 2.7 V and 16 V when the regulator is first powered. After the regulator is running, it can continue operating down to 1.4 V. Lower inputs can shut down the voltage regulator; \u003cstrong\u003ehigher inputs can destroy the regulator\u003c\/strong\u003e, so you should ensure that noise on your input is not excessive, and you should be wary of destructive LC spikes (see the LC voltage spike section below for more information).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by bringing the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin low (under 1 V). Leaving the pin disconnected or bringing the pin above 1.3 V will enable the regulator. The quiescent current draw in sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from ENABLE to VIN, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 15 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9F7_efficiency.jpg?v=1712922283\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of the regulator varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, airflow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows the maximum output currents that the regulators in the S8V9Fx family can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712920384\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 15 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/S8V9Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712920385\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eLC Voltage Spikes\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. If these spikes exceed a regulator’s maximum voltage, the regulator can be destroyed. If you are connecting more than about 9 V, using power leads more than a few inches long, or using a power supply with high inductance, we recommend soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND. The capacitor should be rated for at least 20 V.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMore information about LC spikes can be found in our application note, Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator is supplied with a 4×1 straight male header strip and a 4×1 right-angle male header strip.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe through-holes are arranged with a 0.1″ spacing along the edge of the board for compatibility with standard solderless breadboard, perfboards and connectors that use a 0.1″ grid. You can solder wires directly to the board or solder in the included breakaway 4×1 straight male header strip or the 4×1 right-angle male header strip as desired.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643817689149,"sku":"epa1789697019076","price":9.71,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-75v-1a-step-upstep-down-voltage-regulator-s8v9f7_1.jpg?v=1789697023"},{"product_id":"pololu-5v-34a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f5","title":"Pololu 5V 3.4A Step-Down Voltage Regulator D30V30F5","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Pololu D30V3x line of synchronous buck (step-down) voltage regulators generates lower output voltages from input voltages as high as 45V. They are switching regulators (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters), which makes them much more efficient than linear voltage regulators, especially when the difference between the input and output voltage is large.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis particular model (D30V30\u003cstrong\u003eF5\u003c\/strong\u003e) takes an \u003cstrong\u003einput of 5V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eoutputs a fixed 5V\u003c\/strong\u003e with a \u003cstrong\u003etypical continuous output current of 3.4A\u003c\/strong\u003e. In general, the available output current decreases as the input and output voltages increase.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulators have reverse-voltage protection up to 40V, input under-voltage lockout, over-current protection, and short-circuit protection. A thermal shutdown feature also helps prevent damage from overheating and a soft-start feature limits the inrush current and gradually ramps the output voltage on startup.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWarning: During normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFeatures\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInput voltage: 5V to 45V\u003c\/strong\u003e (minimum input subject to dropout voltage considerations; see the dropout voltage section for details)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOutput voltage: 5V\u003c\/strong\u003e with \u003cstrong\u003e4% accuracy\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical maximum continuous output current: 3A to 4A\u003c\/strong\u003e (see the maximum continuous output current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTypical efficiency of 80% to 95%\u003c\/strong\u003e, depending on input voltage, output voltage, and load (see the efficiency graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eVery low dropout voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSwitching frequency: ~700 kHz under heavy loads\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePower-save mode that increases light load efficiency by reducing switching frequency\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLow quiescent current (see the quiescent current graph below)\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEnable input with precise cutoff threshold for disconnecting the load and putting the regulator into a low-power state that draws approximately 10 µA to 20 µA per volt on VIN\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e“Power good” output indicates when the regulator cannot adequately maintain the output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFrequency spread spectrum operation that lowers peak EMI noise\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUnder-voltage lockout protection\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSoft-start feature limits inrush current and gradually ramps output voltage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegrated reverse-voltage protection up to 40 V, over-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature shutoff\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCompact size: 0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.355″ (17.8 mm × 20.3 mm × 9 mm); see the dimension diagram for more information\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTwo 0.086″ mounting holes for #2 or M2 screws\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ctable width=\"383\" style=\"height: 198px;\"\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eMinimum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003e5V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eMaximum operating voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003e45V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eContinuous output current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003e3.4A\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eOutput voltage\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003e5V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eReverse voltage protection?\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003eY\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eMaximum quiescent current\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003e12mA\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eOutput type\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003efixed 5V\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eSize\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003e0.7″ × 0.8″ × 0.35″\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eWeight\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003e3.3g\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003ePCB dev codes\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003ereg32a\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 241.156px;\"\u003eOther PCB markings\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd style=\"height: 18px; width: 131.844px;\"\u003e0J14242\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e \u003ch2\u003eUsing the Regulator\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eConnections\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis regulator has six connections: power good (PG), enable (EN), input voltage (VIN), output voltage (VOUT), and two ground (GND) connections.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_pinout.jpg?v=1712913917\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe “power good” indicator, \u003cstrong\u003ePG\u003c\/strong\u003e, is an open-drain output that goes low when the regulator’s output voltage either rises more than 7.5% (typical) above or falls more than 9% (typical) below the nominal voltage (with hysteresis). \u003cstrong\u003eAn external pull-up resistor is required to use this pin\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe regulator, which is enabled by default, can be put into a low-power sleep state by reducing the voltage on the \u003cstrong\u003eEN\u003c\/strong\u003e pin below 0.85 V (typical; the actual threshold can vary between 0.65 V and 1.05 V from unit to unit), and it can be brought out of this state again by increasing the voltage on EN past 1 V (typical). The shutdown current draw in this sleep mode is dominated by the current in the 100 kΩ pull-up resistor from EN to VIN and in the reverse-voltage protection circuit, which altogether will be between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN. (Note that for high input voltages, the shutdown current draw when it is disabled can be greater than the quiescent draw while enabled; see the quiescent current graph below for more details.)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA low-voltage cutoff can be set by adding an appropriately sized external pull-down resistor between EN and GND. This resistor and the on-board 100 kΩ pull-up would together form a VIN voltage divider with the output connected to EN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe input voltage, \u003cstrong\u003eVIN\u003c\/strong\u003e, powers the regulator. Voltages between 3.3 V and 45 V can be applied to VIN, but generally the effective lower limit of VIN is VOUT plus the regulator’s dropout voltage, which varies approximately linearly with the load (see below for graphs of the dropout voltage as a function of the load).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVOUT\u003c\/strong\u003e is the regulated output voltage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical efficiency\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)\/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30F5_efficiency.jpg?v=1712915367\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eMaximum continuous output current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe maximum achievable output current of these regulators varies with the input voltage but also depends on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking. The graph below shows maximum output currents that these regulators can deliver continuously at room temperature in still air and without additional heat sinking.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuring normal operation, this product can get hot enough to burn you.\u003c\/strong\u003e Take care when handling this product or other components connected to it.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_max_cont_output_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eQuiescent current\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe quiescent current is the current the regulator uses just to power itself, and the graph below shows this for the different regulator versions as a function of the input voltage. The module’s EN input can be driven low to put the board into a low-power state where it typically draws between 10 µA and 20 µA per volt on VIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_quiescent_current.jpg?v=1712913825\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eTypical dropout voltage\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe dropout voltage of a step-down regulator is the minimum amount by which the input voltage must exceed the regulator’s target output voltage in order to ensure the target output can be achieved. For example, if a 5 V regulator has a 1 V dropout voltage, the input must be at least 6 V to ensure the output is the full 5 V. Generally speaking, the dropout voltage increases as the output current increases. The graph below shows the dropout voltages for the different members of this regulator family:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0176\/3274\/files\/D30V30Fx_dropout_voltage.jpg?v=1712914102\u0026amp;width=700\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResources\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDimensions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e3D Model\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDrill Guide\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePackage Contents\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA 6×1 straight male header strip and a 5×1 right-angle male header strip are included with the regulator; one pin of the straight header can optionally be separated with a pair of flush cutters and soldered into PG.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe six connection through-holes are arranged on a 0.1″ grid for compatibility with solderless breadboards, connectors, and other prototyping arrangements that use a 0.1″ grid. The PG connection is the only one not located along the edge of the board. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Pololu","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43643817721917,"sku":"ntp1789697019840","price":29.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0658\/9716\/8957\/files\/pololu-5v-34a-step-down-voltage-regulator-d30v30f5_1.jpg?v=1789697024"}],"url":"https:\/\/laser-engraved-clasp.shop\/collections\/power.oembed","provider":"My Store","version":"1.0","type":"link"}